ArticleJournal of medical Internet research2021
Experience of and Worry About Discrimination, Social Media Use, and Depression Among Asians in the United States During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Cross-sectional Survey Study.
Article in Journal of medical Internet research, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 30 citations in OpenAlex.
- Mental health problems among ethnic minorities during public crises: a systematic review of coping strategies during the COVID-19 pandemic.Frontiers in public health · 2026Pooled it
- Recruiting Asian Americans for Online Studies: Methodological Systematic Review.Journal of medical Internet research · 2025Pooled it
- Vicarious Racial Discrimination and Mental Health among Adults: A Scoping Review of Literature Published between 2010 and 2023.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2026Review
- Ethnic Discrimination in Social Media and Depressive Symptoms Among Hispanic Emerging Adult College Students: Examining the Moderating Roles of Emotion Self-Efficacy and Locus of Control.Emerging adulthood (Print) · 2025Article
- COVID-19-Related Racism and Mental Health Among Asian Americans: Integrative Review.Asian/Pacific Island nursing journal · 2025Review
- Anti-Asian sentiment on social media and mental health among Asian and Asian American populations in the United States during the COVID-19 pandemic: A systematic literature review.Social sciences & humanities open · 2025Article
- Persistence of anxiety among Asian Americans: racial and ethnic heterogeneity in the longitudinal trends in mental well-being during the COVID-19 pandemic.Social psychiatry and psychiatric epidemiology · 2024Article
- Trends in Racial Discrimination Experiences for Asian Americans During the COVID-19 Pandemic.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2024Article
- COVID-19-Related Racial Discrimination during Lockdown and Its Impact on Asian American Women.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2023Article
- A mixed-methods study of race-based stress and trauma affecting Asian Americans during COVID.Clinical psychological science : a journal of the Association for Psychological Science · 2023Article
- An Antiracism Community-Based Participatory Research With Organizations Serving Immigrant and Marginalized Communities, Including Asian Americans and Native Hawaiians/Pacific Islanders in the United States Pacific Northwest: Qualitative Description Study With Key Informants.Asian/Pacific Island nursing journal · 2023Article
- A comprehensive review on emerging trends in the dynamic evolution of digital addiction and depression.Frontiers in psychology · 2023Article
- The impact of anti-Asian racism on routine activities and mental health among Korean American older adults and their caregivers.Frontiers in public health · 2023Article
- The experiences of UK-Chinese individuals during the COVID-19 pandemic: A qualitative interview study.PloS one · 2023Article
- The impact of COVID-19-related anti-Asian discrimination on sexual communication and relationships among Asian individuals in the United States.Journal of social and personal relationships · 2022Article
- Types of Racism and Twitter Users' Responses Amid the COVID-19 Outbreak: Content Analysis.JMIR formative research · 2022Article
- Racism Experience Among American Adults During COVID-19: A Mixed-Methods Study.Health equity · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThe COVID-19 outbreak has spurred increasing anti-Asian racism and xenophobia in the United States, which might be detrimental to the psychological well-being of Asian people living in the United States.
objectiveWe studied three discrimination-related variables, including (1) experience of discrimination, (2) worry about discrimination, and (3) racism-related social media use during the COVID-19 pandemic among Asians in the United States. We examined how these three variables were related to depression, and how the association between racism-related social media use and depression was moderated by personal experience of and worry about racial discrimination.
methodsA web-based, cross-sectional survey was conducted. A total of 209 people (mean age 33.69, SD 11.31 years; 96/209, 45.93% female) who identified themselves as Asian and resided in the United States were included in the study.
resultsExperience of discrimination (β=.33, P=.001) and racism-related social media use (β=.14, P=.045) were positively associated with depressive symptoms. Worry about discrimination (β=.13, P=.14) was not associated with depression. Worry about discrimination moderated the relationship between racism-related social media use and depression (β=-.25, P=.003) such that a positive relationship was observed among those who had low and medium levels of worry.
conclusionsThe present study provided preliminary evidence that experience of discrimination during the COVID-19 pandemic was a risk factor of depressive symptoms among Asian people in the United States. Meanwhile, racism-related social media use was found to be negatively associated with the well-being of US Asians, and the relationship between social media use and depression was significantly moderated by worry about discrimination. It is critical to develop accessible programs to help US Asians cope with racial discrimination both in real lives and on social media during this unprecedented health crisis, especially among those who have not been mentally prepared for such challenges.
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