Trial reportClinical and experimental allergy : journal of the British Society for Allergy and Clinical Immunology2021
Incidence and risk factors for persistent symptoms in adults previously hospitalized for COVID-19.
Trial report in Clinical and experimental allergy : journal of the British Society for Allergy and Clinical Immunology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 118 papers, 11 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
118 citing papers in PubMed, 11 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 197 citations in OpenAlex.
- Effectiveness of inspiratory muscle training and multicomponent physical training in patients with post-COVID conditions: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Systematic reviews · 2025Pooled it
- Long-term neurological and cognitive impact of COVID-19: a systematic review and meta-analysis in over 4 million patients.BMC neurology · 2025Pooled it
- Risk of long covid in patients with pre-existing chronic respiratory diseases: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMJ open respiratory research · 2025Pooled it
- Post-COVID syndrome prevalence: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC public health · 2024Pooled it
- SARS-CoV-2 post-acute sequelae in previously hospitalised patients: systematic literature review and meta-analysis.European respiratory review : an official journal of the European Respiratory Society · 2023Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Prevalence, risk factors and treatments for post-COVID-19 breathlessness: a systematic review and meta-analysis.European respiratory review : an official journal of the European Respiratory Society · 2022Pooled it
- Risk factors and preventive interventions for post Covid-19 condition: systematic review.Emerging microbes & infections · 2022Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Prevalence of comorbid tuberculosis amongst COVID-19 patients: A rapid review and meta-analysis.International journal of clinical practice · 2021Pooled it
- Long COVID Optimal Health Programme to Enhance Mental and Physical Health: A Feasibility Randomised Controlled Trial.Health expectations : an international journal of public participation in health care and health policy · 2025Trial
- Trial
- Efficacy and safety of Treamid in the rehabilitation of patients after COVID-19 pneumonia: a phase 2, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.Journal of translational medicine · 2022Trial
- Incidence and risk factors for persistent symptoms in adults previously hospitalized for COVID-19.Clinical and experimental allergy : journal of the British Society for Allergy and Clinical Immunology · 2021Trial
- Sex-Stratified Machine Learning for the Prediction of Post-COVID Condition: A Longitudinal Cohort Study.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- Risk assessment of cardiac arrhythmias in the early post-COVID-19 period in non-hospitalized patients-long-term data from the PoLoCOV-CVD study.Scientific reports · 2026Observational
- Botulism Sequelae: A Systematic Review.Open forum infectious diseases · 2026Article
- Predictors of Long COVID-19 Syndrome and Hospital Admissions Among COVID-19-Diagnosed Adult Patients Who Self-Isolated at Home in KwaZulu-Natal Province, South Africa.Nursing research and practice · 2026Article
- Novel insights into diagnosis and management of hyperreactivity: a narrative review.Journal of thoracic disease · 2025Review
58 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
35 authors at 12 institutions in 7 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundThe long-term sequalae of COVID-19 remain poorly characterized. We assessed persistent symptoms in previously hospitalized patients with COVID-19 and assessed potential risk factors.
methodsData were collected from patients discharged from 4 hospitals in Moscow, Russia between 8 April and 10 July 2020. Participants were interviewed via telephone using an ISARIC Long-term Follow-up Study questionnaire.
results2,649 of 4755 (56%) discharged patients were successfully evaluated, at median 218 (IQR 200, 236) days post-discharge. COVID-19 diagnosis was clinical in 1291 and molecular in 1358. Most cases were mild, but 902 (34%) required supplemental oxygen and 68 (2.6%) needed ventilatory support. Median age was 56 years (IQR 46, 66) and 1,353 (51.1%) were women. Persistent symptoms were reported by 1247 (47.1%) participants, with fatigue (21.2%), shortness of breath (14.5%) and forgetfulness (9.1%) the most common symptoms and chronic fatigue (25%) and respiratory (17.2%) the most common symptom categories. Female sex was associated with any persistent symptom category OR 1.83 (95% CI 1.55 to 2.17) with association being strongest for dermatological (3.26, 2.36 to 4.57) symptoms. Asthma and chronic pulmonary disease were not associated with persistent symptoms overall, but asthma was associated with neurological (1.95, 1.25 to 2.98) and mood and behavioural changes (2.02, 1.24 to 3.18), and chronic pulmonary disease was associated with chronic fatigue (1.68, 1.21 to 2.32).
conclusionsAlmost half of adults admitted to hospital due to COVID-19 reported persistent symptoms 6 to 8 months after discharge. Fatigue and respiratory symptoms were most common, and female sex was associated with persistent symptoms.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.