ArticleAdvanced healthcare materials2021
Spinal Cord Neuronal Network Formation in a 3D Printed Reinforced Matrix-A Model System to Study Disease Mechanisms.
Article in Advanced healthcare materials, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 25 citations in OpenAlex.
- Purpose-Adaptable Reinforced 3D Hyaluronic-Acid Based Platform to Study Pathomechanisms of the Central Nervous System.Advanced healthcare materials · 2026Article
- Bioprinting Organs-Science or Fiction?-A Review From Students to Students.Advanced healthcare materials · 2026Review
- A modular silk-collagen scaffold to model dorsoventral spinal cord organization using human pluripotent stem cells.Journal of materials chemistry. B · 2026Article
- 3D-Printing of Electroconductive MXene-Based Micro-Meshes in a Biomimetic Hyaluronic Acid-Based Scaffold Directs and Enhances Electrical Stimulation for Neural Repair Applications.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2025Article
- Impaired Presynaptic Function Contributes Significantly to the Pathology of Glycine Receptor Autoantibodies.Neurology(R) neuroimmunology & neuroinflammation · 2025Article
- Glycine Receptor β-Targeting Autoantibodies Contribute to the Pathology of Autoimmune Diseases.Neurology(R) neuroimmunology & neuroinflammation · 2024Article
- Role of the Glycine Receptor β Subunit in Synaptic Localization and Pathogenicity in Severe Startle Disease.The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience · 2024Article
- The SMA Modifier Plastin 3 Targets Cell Membrane-Associated Proteins in Motoneurons.Neuroscience insights · 2024Article
- Startle Disease: New Molecular Insights into an Old Neurological Disorder.The Neuroscientist : a review journal bringing neurobiology, neurology and psychiatry · 2023Review
- Reinforced Hyaluronic Acid-Based Matrices Promote 3D Neuronal Network Formation.Advanced healthcare materials · 2022Article
- Spinal Cord Neuronal Network Formation in a 3D Printed Reinforced Matrix-A Model System to Study Disease Mechanisms.Advanced healthcare materials · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
3D cell cultures allow a better mimicry of the biological and mechanical environment of cells in vivo compared to 2D cultures. However, 3D cell cultures have been challenging for ultrasoft tissues such as the brain. The present study uses a microfiber reinforcement approach combining mouse primary spinal cord neurons in Matrigel with melt electrowritten (MEW) frames. Within these 3D constructs, neuronal network development is followed for 21 days in vitro. To evaluate neuronal development in 3D constructs, the maturation of inhibitory glycinergic synapses is analyzed using protein expression, the complex mechanical properties by assessing nonlinearity, conditioning, and stress relaxation, and calcium imaging as readouts. Following adaptation to the 3D matrix-frame, mature inhibitory synapse formation is faster than in 2D demonstrated by a steep increase in glycine receptor expression between days 3 and 10. The 3D expression pattern of marker proteins at the inhibitory synapse and the mechanical properties resemble the situation in native spinal cord tissue. Moreover, 3D spinal cord neuronal networks exhibit intensive neuronal activity after 14 days in culture. The spinal cord cell culture model using ultrasoft matrix reinforced by MEW fibers provides a promising tool to study and understand biomechanical mechanisms in health and disease.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.