ArticleAnnals of translational medicine2021
Association of heart rate with cardiovascular events and mortality in hypertensive and normotensive population: a nationwide prospective cohort study.
Article in Annals of translational medicine, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.
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Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed.
- Physical activity attenuates mortality risk associated with elevated resting heart rate in chronic kidney disease.iScience · 2026Article
- Article
- Cardiometabolic Aspects of Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia.Endocrine reviews · 2025Review
- The Intrinsic Cardiac Nervous System: From Pathophysiology to Therapeutic Implications.Biology · 2024Review
- Associations of dietary copper intake with cardiovascular disease and mortality: findings from the Chinese Perspective Urban and Rural Epidemiology (PURE-China) Study.BMC public health · 2023Article
- Association of cumulative resting heart rate exposure with rapid renal function decline: a prospective cohort study with 27,564 older adults.Journal of geriatric cardiology : JGC · 2023Article
- Tackling Atherosclerosis via Selected Nutrition.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
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Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundCardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death worldwide. We assessed the association of baseline heart rate with cardiovascular events and mortality in hypertensive and normotensive populations using a prospective urban and rural epidemiology cohort study in China.
methodsA total of 29,554 individuals were involved in our analysis, distributed equally between groups of normotensive and hypertensive. The primary outcomes were myocardial infarction, stroke, major cardiovascular diseases, and cardiovascular mortality. Cox frailty models were utilized to estimate hazard ratios for cardiovascular outcomes, and restricted cubic splines were used to explore the shape of the association between baseline heart rate and cardiovascular mortality.
resultsDuring a total observational time of 230,813 person-years, 402 myocardial infarction events, 1,096 stroke events, 1,540 major cardiovascular events, and 356 cardiovascular deaths were documented. In adjusted analyses, normotensive subjects with baseline heart rate >82.5 beats per minute had a 3.30-fold greater risk of cardiovascular death and an increased 72% risk of myocardial infarction, compared with individuals whose baseline heart rate was 65.5-71 beats per minute. A similar trend was observed for cardiovascular mortality in the hypertensive population, but the association was attenuated. Multivariable-adjusted restricted cubic splines showed linear associations between baseline heart rate and cardiovascular mortality in two groups of people (all P<0.05 for linearity).
conclusionsElevated baseline heart rate is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular mortality and myocardial infarction in the normotensive population. The association is attenuated for cardiovascular death in hypertensive patients.
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