ArticleFrontiers in microbiology2021
Gut Microbiota Diversity and C-Reactive Protein Are Predictors of Disease Severity in COVID-19 Patients.
Article in Frontiers in microbiology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 61 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
61 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 103 citations in OpenAlex.
- Human microbiota dysbiosis after SARS-CoV-2 infection have the potential to predict disease prognosis.BMC infectious diseases · 2023Pooled it
- Meta-analysis of 16S rRNA microbial data identified alterations of the gut microbiota in COVID-19 patients during the acute and recovery phases.BMC microbiology · 2022Pooled it
- Diagnostic, Prognostic, and Therapeutic Roles of Gut Microbiota in COVID-19: A Comprehensive Systematic Review.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2022Pooled it
- Impact of Beer and Nonalcoholic Beer Consumption on the Gut Microbiota: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Controlled Trial.Journal of agricultural and food chemistry · 2022Trial
- Prognostic prediction in COVID-19 patients: a comprehensive analysis of gut microbiota and hematological biomarkers.Virus research · 2026Article
- Gut microbial profiles of COVID-19 patients in Uganda.African health sciences · 2026Article
- Changes in Probiotic Lachnospiraceae Genera Across Different Stages of COVID-19: A Meta-Analysis of 16S rRNA Microbial Data.Microorganisms · 2025Article
- Associations between gut microbiome and circulating cytokines: a cross-sectional analysis in the FINRISK 2002 population cohort.Gut pathogens · 2025Article
- Article
- Gut Microbiota and COVID-19: Unraveling the Gut-Lung Axis and Immunomodulatory Therapies.ACS infectious diseases · 2025Review
- The Role of Beneficial Microbiota in COVID-19: Insights from Key Bacterial Genera.Microorganisms · 2025Review
- The relationship between gut and nasopharyngeal microbiome composition can predict the severity of COVID-19.eLife · 2025Observational
- Biomarker Quantification of Gut Dysbiosis-Derived Inflammation: A Review.Journal of inflammation research · 2025Article
- Oral Immunisation With Non-GMO Surface Displayed SARS-CoV-2 Spike Epitopes on Bacteria-Like Particles Provokes Robust Humoral and Cellular Immune Responses, and Modulated the Gut Microbiome in Mice.Microbial biotechnology · 2025Article
- Understanding autoimmune response after SARS-CoV-2 infection and the pathogenesis/mechanisms of long COVID.Medical review (2021) · 2024Review
- Efficacy of a Multistrain Synbiotic Treatment in Acute and Post-Acute COVID-19 Patients: A Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Randomized Trial.Microorganisms · 2024Article
- Long COVID Definition, Symptoms, Risk Factors, Epidemiology and Autoimmunity: A Narrative Review.American journal of medicine open · 2024Article
- Microbial Signatures in COVID-19: Distinguishing Mild and Severe Disease via Gut Microbiota.Biomedicines · 2024Article
- Complete sequence of carbapenem-resistantMicrobiology spectrum · 2024Article
- Lymphocyte and neutrophil count combined with intestinal bacteria abundance predict the severity of COVID-19.Microbiology spectrum · 2024Article
1 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
30 authors at 7 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The risk factors for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) severity are still poorly understood. Considering the pivotal role of the gut microbiota on host immune and inflammatory functions, we investigated the association between changes in the gut microbiota composition and the clinical severity of COVID-19. We conducted a multicenter cross-sectional study prospectively enrolling 115 COVID-19 patients categorized according to: (1) the WHO Clinical Progression Scale-mild, 19 (16.5%); moderate, 37 (32.2%); or severe, 59 (51.3%), and (2) the location of recovery from COVID-19-ambulatory, 14 (household isolation, 12.2%); hospitalized in ward, 40 (34.8%); or hospitalized in the intensive care unit, 61 (53.0%). Gut microbiota analysis was performed through 16S rRNA gene sequencing, and the data obtained were further related to the clinical parameters of COVID-19 patients. The risk factors for COVID-19 severity were identified by univariate and multivariable logistic regression models. In comparison to mild COVID-19 patients, the gut microbiota of moderate and severe patients have: (a) lower Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio; (b) higher abundance of Proteobacteria; and (c) lower abundance of beneficial butyrate-producing bacteria such as the genera
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