Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34348945›Full record

ArticleBMJ open2021

Trends in the co-use of alcohol and tobacco among Japanese adolescents: periodical nationwide cross-sectional surveys 1996-2017.

Maya Fujii, Yuki Kuwabara, Aya Kinjo, Aya Imamoto, Maki Jike, Yuichiro Otsuka, Osamu Itani, Yoshitaka Kaneita, Ruriko Minobe, Hitoshi Maesato and 4 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in BMJ open, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
16citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

16 citing papers in PubMed.

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  13. Mental Health and Smoking-Related Determinants of Alcohol Drinking Experience in Korean Adolescents.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2023
    Article
  14. Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

14 authors.

Maya FujiiDivision of Environmental and Preventive Medicine, Department of Social Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, Yonago, Tottori, Japan maya15@live.jp.ORCID 0000-0001-5474-7116
Yuki KuwabaraDivision of Environmental and Preventive Medicine, Department of Social Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, Yonago, Tottori, Japan.ORCID 0000-0001-7164-6974
Aya KinjoDivision of Environmental and Preventive Medicine, Department of Social Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, Yonago, Tottori, Japan.ORCID 0000-0001-7099-5486
Aya ImamotoDivision of Environmental and Preventive Medicine, Department of Social Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, Yonago, Tottori, Japan.
Maki JikeDepartment of Food Safety and Management, Faculty of Food and Health Sciences, Showa Women's University, Setagaya, Tokyo, Japan.
Yuichiro OtsukaDivision of Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Nihon University School of Medicine, Itabashi, Tokyo, Japan.
Osamu ItaniDivision of Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Nihon University School of Medicine, Itabashi, Tokyo, Japan.ORCID 0000-0002-8526-785X
Yoshitaka KaneitaDivision of Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Nihon University School of Medicine, Itabashi, Tokyo, Japan.
Ruriko MinobeNational Hospital Organization Kurihama Medical and Addiction Center, Yokosuka, Kanagawa, Japan.
Hitoshi MaesatoNational Hospital Organization Kurihama Medical and Addiction Center, Yokosuka, Kanagawa, Japan.
Susumu HiguchiNational Hospital Organization Kurihama Medical and Addiction Center, Yokosuka, Kanagawa, Japan.
Hisashi YoshimotoDepartment of Family Medicine, General Practice and Community Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan.
Hideyuki KandaDepartment of Public Health, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan.
Yoneatsu OsakiDivision of Environmental and Preventive Medicine, Department of Social Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, Yonago, Tottori, Japan.ORCID 0000-0002-9846-4043

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectivesThis study aimed to assess trends in the prevalence of alcohol use depending on smoking behaviours and that of smoking depending on drinking behaviours among Japanese adolescents.

designThis was a retrospective study using Japanese school-based nationwide surveys conducted between 1996 and 2017.

settingSurveyed schools, both junior and senior high schools, considered representative of the entire Japanese population, were sampled randomly.

participantsWe enrolled 11 584-64 152 students from 179 to 103 schools yearly. They completed a self-reported and anonymous questionnaire on smoking and drinking behaviour.

resultsSince 1996, the prevalence of alcohol use and smoking among adolescents decreased in each survey (p<0.01). The prevalence of alcohol use in the non-smokers group was 29.0% in 1996 and 4.0% in 2017, and in the smokers group, it was 73.3% in 1996 and 57.4% in 2017. The reduction rate (the difference in prevalence between 1996 and 2017 divided by the prevalence in 1996) was 0.86 in the non-smokers group and 0.22 in the smokers group. The prevalence of smoking in the non-drinkers group was 6.7% in 1996 and 0.7% in 2017, while that in the drinkers group was 32.5% in 1996 and 18.9% in 2017. The reduction rate was 0.90 in the non-drinkers group and 0.42 in the drinkers group. Therefore, downward trends differed among the groups. In a subanalysis of senior high school students, we divided students into three groups according to their intention to pursue further education. Between 1996 and 2017, there was a consistent difference in the prevalence of alcohol use and smoking among these groups.

conclusionsAlcohol use and smoking among Japanese adolescents seem to have reduced. However, certain groups showed poor improvements, and health risk behaviour disparity exists, which may widen further. We need to focus on high-risk groups and implement appropriate measures or interventions accordingly.

Indexed as

Tobacco ProductsAdolescentAlcohol DrinkingCross-Sectional StudiesHumansJapanPrevalenceRetrospective StudiesSchoolsSurveys and Questionnairescommunity child healthepidemiologypublic health

Identifiers

PMID34348945
PMCPMC8340282

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.