Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34348792›Full record

ArticleTrials2021

Efficacy of low-load resistance training combined with blood flow restriction vs. high-load resistance training on sarcopenia among community-dwelling older Chinese people: study protocol for a 3-arm randomized controlled trial.

Nan Chen, Xiangfeng He, Guoyun Zhao, Linqian Lu, Barbara E Ainsworth, Yu Liu, Xie Wu

Registry-linked trialAbstract readClinical Trial Protocol
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Trials, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT07484776 (Metabolic Flexibility in Patients With Early Triple-negative Breast Cancer and the Possible Effect of a Physical Exercise Intervention), which is not on this map. Cited by 6 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
6citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT07484776 naactive not recruitingnot on this mapstarted 2026, after this paper: background citation

Metabolic Flexibility in Patients With Early Triple-negative Breast Cancer and the Possible Effect of a Physical Exercise Intervention

TypeinterventionalSponsorUniversidad Europea de MadridRan2026 to 2028Enrolled40ConditionsTriple-Negative Breast Cancer (TNBC)ArmsCardiovascular training at maximal fat oxidation (FATmax), Cardiovascular training at maximal aerobic power (MAP), Resistance training
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

6 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. [Effects of Blood Flow Restriction Training on Muscle Strength and Physical Function in Older Adults With Sarcopenia].Sichuan da xue xue bao. Yi xue ban = Journal of Sichuan University. Medical science edition · 2026
    Trial
  3. Trial
  4. Article
  5. Review
  6. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Nan Chen *School of Kinesiology, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, 200438, China.
Xiangfeng He *Department of Rehabilitation, Xinhua Hospital Chongming Branch, Shanghai, China.
Guoyun Zhao *Department of Rehabilitation, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
Linqian LuSchool of Kinesiology, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, 200438, China.
Barbara E AinsworthCollege of Health Solutions, Arizona State University, Phoenix, AZ, USA.
Yu LiuSchool of Kinesiology, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, 200438, China. yuliu@sus.edu.cn.
Xie WuSchool of Kinesiology, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, 200438, China. wuxiesus@163.com.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0459-7065

Funding

Shanghai Municipal Health Bureau 2020YJZX0137
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundSarcopenia is accompanied by a decline in muscle mass, muscle strength, and muscle function. Resistance training is the most potential training method for the prevention and treatment of sarcopenia. However, the conventional high-load resistance training (CRT) recommended by the American College of Sports Medicine is a challenge for older people with sarcopenia. As a novel training method, low-load resistance training combined with blood flow restriction (LRT-BFR) may elicit similar muscle mass and muscle strength gains as CRT but with less effort. The objectives of this study are to assess and compare the efficacy and safety of 12-week LRT-BFR and CRT on muscle strength, muscle performance, body composition, pulmonary function, blood biomarkers, CVD risk factors, and quality of life in community-dwelling older Chinese people with sarcopenia.

methodThis is a 12-week, assessor-blinded, 3-arm randomized controlled trial with a non-exercise control group. Community-dwelling people over 65 years will be screened for sarcopenia according to the diagnostic criteria of the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia (AWGS). Fifty-one subjects will be randomized into a LRT-BFR group (n = 17), a CRT group (n = 17), and a no-strength training control group (n = 17). The primary outcome is lower limb muscle strength. The secondary outcomes are body composition, upper limb muscle strength, pulmonary function, blood biomarkers, CVD risk factors, and quality of life. Post-intervention follow-up will be performed for 12 weeks. These indicators will be assessed at baseline (0 week), after the 12-week intervention (12 weeks), and at follow-up (24 weeks). The adverse events will also be reported. Data will be analyzed for all participants in an intent-to-treat plan. DISCUSSION: This study is the first RCT that will systematically measure and compare the efficacy and safety of LRT-BFR and CRT in older people with sarcopenia on muscle strength, body composition, pulmonary function, blood biomarkers (inflammatory biomarkers, hormone, and growth factors), CVD risk factors, and quality of life. This study can provide an efficient and safe method to prevent the progression of sarcopenia in older people.

trial registrationChinese Clinical Trial Registry ChiCTR2100042803 . Registered on 28 January 2021.

Indexed as

Resistance TrainingSarcopeniaAgedChinaHumansIndependent LivingMuscle, SkeletalMuscle StrengthQuality of LifeRandomized Controlled Trials as TopicBlood flow restrictionResistance trainingSarcopenia

Identifiers

PMID34348792
PMCPMC8336391

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Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.