ReviewImmunity2021
Accelerated COVID-19 vaccine development: milestones, lessons, and prospects.
Review in Immunity, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 139 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
139 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Efficacy of SARS-CoV-2 vaccines and the dose-response relationship with three major antibodies: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials.The Lancet. Microbe · 2023Pooled it
- Neutralising antibody titres as predictors of protection against SARS-CoV-2 variants and the impact of boosting: a meta-analysis.The Lancet. Microbe · 2022Pooled it
- Comparative antibody and cell-mediated immune responses, reactogenicity, and efficacy of homologous and heterologous boosting with CoronaVac and BNT162b2 (Cobovax): an open-label, randomised trial.The Lancet. Microbe · 2023Trial
- The safety of co-administration of Bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG) and influenza vaccines.PloS one · 2022Trial
- Building a case for accelerated clinical development of drugs and vaccines - what are the driving forces?Globalization and health · 2026Article
- Article
- The buried S2 apex of SARS-CoV-2 spike elicits an immunodominant germline-restricted public antibody response.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Vaccine-related misinformation and attitude toward COVID-19 vaccination in Japan.Frontiers in public health · 2026Article
- Unveiling an Immunological Mystery: Deciphering the Durability Divide in Vaccine-Elicited Antibody Responses.Current HIV research · 2026Review
- Analysis of the challenges in ensuring robust and effective clinical evaluation of AI-based digital medical devices.BMJ digital health & AI · 2026Review
- Systemic and mucosal immune signatures of protection against SARS-CoV-2 transmission in humans.Cell reports. Medicine · 2025Article
- Gaps in vaccine clinical trials in Africa: A mixed scoping review and bibliometric analysis before, during, and post- COVID-19 pandemic.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2025Article
- Vaccine Development, Its Implementation and Price Setting: A Historical Perspective with Proposed Ways to Move Forward.Journal of market access & health policy · 2025Article
- Article
- Vaccines for Global Health: Progress and Challenges.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2025Article
- Looking beyond the origin of SARS-CoV-2: Significant strategic aspects during the five-year journey of COVID-19 vaccine development.Molecular therapy. Nucleic acids · 2025Review
- Impact of COVID-19 Vaccination on Menstrual Irregularities, Bleeding Patterns, and Cycle Duration: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Health science reports · 2025Review
- Article
- Rapid development of a registry to accelerate COVID-19 vaccine clinical trials.NPJ digital medicine · 2025Article
- Development of Methods to Produce SARS CoV-2 Virus-Like Particles at Scale.Biotechnology and bioengineering · 2025Article
79 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The development of effective vaccines to combat infectious diseases is a complex multi-year and multi-stakeholder process. To accelerate the development of vaccines for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), a novel pathogen emerging in late 2019 and spreading globally by early 2020, the United States government (USG) mounted an operation bridging public and private sector expertise and infrastructure. The success of the endeavor can be seen in the rapid advanced development of multiple vaccine candidates, with several demonstrating efficacy and now being administered around the globe. Here, we review the milestones enabling the USG-led effort, the methods utilized, and ensuing outcomes. We discuss the current status of COVID-19 vaccine development and provide a perspective for how partnership and preparedness can be better utilized in response to future public-health pandemic emergencies.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.