Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34348063›Full record

ArticleDevelopmental neuropsychology2021

Brain Developmental Trajectories in Children and Young Adults with Isolated Cleft Lip and/or Cleft Palate.

Emily Kuhlmann, Ellen van der Plas, Eric Axelson, Amy L Conrad

Open access · greenAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Developmental neuropsychology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
6citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
1.0field-weighted citation impact, top 21% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

6 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 9 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. A Review and Meta-Analysis on Altered Brain Structure in Patients Born with Non-Syndromic Cleft Lip and/or Palate.The Cleft palate-craniofacial journal : official publication of the American Cleft Palate-Craniofacial Association · 2026
    Pooled it
  2. Associations of Sleep Disordered Breathing and Neurodevelopment with Pre-Speech Function in 2-Month-Old Infants with Oral Cleft: A Feasibility Study.The Cleft palate-craniofacial journal : official publication of the American Cleft Palate-Craniofacial Association · 2026
    Observational
  3. Facial Expressions of Emotion in Children with Cleft Lip and Palate.The Cleft palate-craniofacial journal : official publication of the American Cleft Palate-Craniofacial Association · 2025
    Article
  4. White matter tract integrity in isolated oral clefts: relationship to cognition and reading skills.Child neuropsychology : a journal on normal and abnormal development in childhood and adolescence · 2025
    Article
  5. Article
  6. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Emily KuhlmannDepartment of Psychological and Quantitative Foundations, University of Iowa College of Education, USA.
Ellen van der PlasDepartment of Psychiatry, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, USA.
Eric AxelsonDepartment of Psychiatry, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, USA.
Amy L ConradThe Stead Family Department of Pediatrics, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, USA.
University of Iowa · USIowa Department of Education · US

Funding

The University of Iowa Clinical and Translational Science AwardUL1TR002537 · NCATS · UNIVERSITY OF IOWA · PI HANSEN, MARLAN R, WINOKUR, PATRICIA · 2018 to 2022
$20.0M
University of Iowa Hawkeye Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities Research Center (Hawk-IDDRC)P50HD103556 · NICHD · UNIVERSITY OF IOWA · PI EDWIN TED G. ABEL, Lane Strathearn · 2021 to 2026
$8.5M
Brain Structure/Function in Children with Oral CleftsR01DE014399 · NIDCR · UNIVERSITY OF IOWA · PI NOPOULOS, PEGGY C · 2002 to 2012
$4.9M
Transfusion of Prematurity Early School Age Follow-up (TOP 5) CCCUH3HL143204 · NHLBI · UNIVERSITY OF IOWA · PI CONRAD, AMY LYNN, DEMAURO, SARA BONAMO · 2019 to 2024
$3.3M
University of Iowa - Research 3T MRI Connectome UpgradeS10OD025025 · OD · UNIVERSITY OF IOWA · PI MAGNOTTA, VINCENT A · 2018 to 2018
$1.9M
Training in Neuroimaging of Cognitive Development in Craniofacial DiagnosesK23DE024511 · NIDCR · UNIVERSITY OF IOWA · PI CONRAD, AMY LYNN · 2014 to 2018
$477k
HEAL Initiative: Antenatal Opioid Exposure Longitudinal Study ConsortiumUG1HD104252 · NICHD · CHILDREN'S HOSP OF PHILADELPHIA · PI Sara Bonamo DeMauro, Scott A Lorch · 2024 to 2026
$425k
NCATS NIH HHS UL1 TR002537NHLBI NIH HHS UH3 HL143204NICHD NIH HHS P50 HD103556NICHD NIH HHS UG1 HD104252NIDCR NIH HHS K23 DE024511NIDCR NIH HHS L40 DE025420NIDCR NIH HHS R01 DE014399NIH HHS S10 OD025025
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The present study evaluated brain development in persons with isolated cleft lip and/or cleft palate (iCL/P) compared to unaffected controls using an accelerated longitudinal design. A sample of 134 males and females, ages 7-27 years, with iCL/P (184 observations, total) was compared to 144 unaffected controls (208 evaluations, total) on Wechsler Index scores and volumetric data from structural MRI scans. Boys with isolated cleft palate had verbal IQ 15.5 points lower than perceptual IQ; a clinically significant difference. Participants with iCL/P had differential growth trajectories of regional cerebrum matter and consistently lower volumes of cerebellar gray matter and subcortical matter.

Indexed as

Cleft LipCleft PalateAdolescentAdultBrainChildFemaleHumansMagnetic Resonance ImagingMaleYoung Adult

Identifiers

PMID34348063
PMCPMC8814052
OpenAlexW3188049831

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.