Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34348052›Full record

ArticleJournal of the Royal Society of Medicine2021

Learning from patient safety incidents involving acutely sick adults in hospital assessment units in England and Wales: a mixed methods analysis for quality improvement.

Alexandra Urquhart, Sarah Yardley, Elin Thomas, Liam Donaldson, Andrew Carson-Stevens

Open access · bronzeAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
11citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
3.9field-weighted citation impact, top 7% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

11 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 17 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Learning from end-of-life injectable medication patient safety incidents in the community: a mixed-methods analysis.The British journal of general practice : the journal of the Royal College of General Practitioners · 2026
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  10. Prioritising health and wellbeing: the hope we cling to in 2021.Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine · 2021
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.

Alexandra UrquhartDivision of Population Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF14 4YU, UK.
Sarah YardleyCentral and North West London NHS Foundation Trust, London NW1 3AX, UK.ORCID 0000-0002-1645-642X
Elin ThomasDivision of Population Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF14 4YU, UK.
Liam DonaldsonDivision of Population Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF14 4YU, UK.
Andrew Carson-StevensDivision of Population Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF14 4YU, UK.
Cardiff University · GBCentral and North West London NHS Foundation Trust · GBUniversity of London · GB

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveSix per cent of hospital patients experience a patient safety incident, of which 12% result in severe/fatal outcomes. Acutely sick patients are at heightened risk. Our aim was to identify the most frequently reported incidents in acute medical units and their characteristics.

designRetrospective mixed methods methodology: (1) an a priori coding process, applying a multi-axial coding framework to incident reports; and, (2) a thematic interpretative analysis of reports.

settingPatient safety incident reports (10 years, 2005-2015) collected from the National Reporting and Learning System, which receives reports from hospitals and other care settings across England and Wales.

participantsReports describing severe harm/death in acute medical unit were identified.

main outcome measuresIncident type, contributory factors, outcomes and level of harm were identified in the included reports. During thematic analysis, themes and metathemes were synthesised to inform priorities for quality improvement.

resultsA total of 377 reports of severe harm or death were confirmed. The most common incident types were diagnostic errors (

conclusionThis 10-year national analysis of incident reports provides recommendations to improve patient safety including: introduction of electronic prescribing and monitoring systems; forcing checklists to reduce diagnostic errors; and increased senior presence overnight and at weekends.

Indexed as

Quality ImprovementAcute DiseaseDiagnostic ErrorsEnglandHospitalsHumansMedication ErrorsMonitoring, PhysiologicPatient HarmPatient SafetyPatient TransferRetrospective StudiesSafety ManagementWalesClinicalemergency medicinehealth service researchmedical error/patient safetymedical managementother emergency medicineother statistics and research methodsquality improvement

Identifiers

PMID34348052
PMCPMC8722780
OpenAlexW3186469883

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.