Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34346189›Full record

ArticlePharmacology research & perspectives2021

Developing a new undergraduate pharmacology core curriculum: The British Pharmacological Society Delphi Method.

Melisa J Wallace, Anna Zecharia, Clare Guilding, Steven Tucker, Ian McFadzean

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Pharmacology research & perspectives, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
10citing papers in PubMed
5.3field-weighted citation impact, top 5% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

10 citing papers in PubMed, 22 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Reimagining pharmacology education.Pharmacological reviews · 2026
    Review
  3. Review
  4. Conducting Delphi surveys in medical education research.GMS journal for medical education · 2026
    Article
  5. Review
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors at 5 institutions in 1 country.

Melisa J WallaceSwansea University Medical School, Institute of Life Science, Swansea University, Swansea, UK.ORCID 0000-0001-7471-9833
Anna ZechariaBritish Pharmacological Society, London, UK.ORCID 0000-0002-5317-3883
Clare GuildingSchool of Medical Education, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK.ORCID 0000-0003-2823-1575
Steven TuckerSchool of Medicine, Medical Science and Nutrition, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK.
Ian McFadzeanFaculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Kings College London, London, UK.
British Pharmacological Society · GBKing's College London · GBNewcastle University · GBSwansea University · GBUniversity of Aberdeen · GB

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The British Pharmacological Society (BPS) developed a new core curriculum for undergraduate pharmacology degrees. To do this, a modification of the Delphi Process was used. Initially, a pharmacology educator workshop was hosted to explore the core attributes expected of pharmacology graduates. We then developed these discussions into knowledge, skills, and attitudes statements and sent them, in the form of a questionnaire, to our Expert Group, which included pharmacology professionals from across academia and industry. In an iterative process, the Expert Group were asked to rank each statement according to how much they agreed it was a core graduate attribute. Where there was disagreement, statements were modified according to feedback. After three rounds of questionnaires, we had a draft core curriculum which was then finalized through a discussion workshop with the education community. In this workshop, practical aspects of curriculum implementation were discussed and the potential for the Society to develop resources to support it considered. The revised core curriculum is freely available on the Society website: https://www.bps.ac.uk/media-library-assets/library/undergraduate-pharmacology-core-curriculum. Several examples exist of the curriculum making an impact within and beyond the United Kingdom, where it has been utilized in a quality assurance context, as a tool for curriculum review and also to guide building new programs. Through a series of further expert workshops, the BPS Education and Training committee is currently developing more granular learning outcomes to accompany the core curriculum alongside recommended resources to enable delivery. In addition, this expanded curriculum is also being reviewed and updated to ensure it is fully inclusive and represents the diversity of pharmacology educators and learners worldwide.

Indexed as

CurriculumDelphi TechniquePharmacologySocieties, ScientificUnited KingdomassessmentcurriculumDelphi studyeducationlearning outcomesundergraduate

Identifiers

PMID34346189
PMCPMC8334254
OpenAlexW3189277389

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.