ArticleCureus2021
New-Onset Refractory Status Epilepticus (NORSE) as a Recurrence of Anti-Neuronal Nuclear Antibody 2 (ANNA-2) Encephalitis After Immune Checkpoint Inhibition Therapy.
Article in Cureus, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 3 citations in OpenAlex.
- Autoimmune Movement Disorders Complicating Treatment with Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors.Movement disorders clinical practice · 2024Pooled it
- Neurologic Complications of Cancer Immunotherapy.Current oncology (Toronto, Ont.) · 2023Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Paraneoplastic encephalitis from anti-neuronal nuclear antibody 2 (ANNA-2), usually associated with breast cancer, can cause seizures. We report a case of recurrent paraneoplastic encephalitis due to ANNA-2 presenting with new-onset refractory status epilepticus (NORSE) one month after receiving checkpoint inhibitors therapy. A 69-year-old female was diagnosed with opsoclonus myoclonus syndrome (OMS) secondary to ANNA-2, which led to a diagnosis of breast cancer. OMS improved with surgical resection and intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG). Three years later, she was diagnosed with metastatic cancer to the liver and spine. She underwent immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy. One month later, she was admitted with NORSE. Opsoclonus was seen at the physical exam. Brain MRI and infectious work-up were unremarkable. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis revealed pleocytosis with lymphocytic predominance. She was treated with corticosteroids and immunoglobulins, and she had symptomatic improvement. ANNA-2 test was positive in a lower titration than three years earlier. Opsoclonus in a patient with NORSE can be the hint of ANNA-2 positivity. Immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy should be carefully reconsidered in patients with a history of paraneoplastic encephalitis for ANNA-2 as it could precipitate NORSE.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.