ArticleCureus2021
Employment Status and Its Association With Psychological Distress and Alcohol Consumption.
Article in Cureus, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- TFOS lifestyle: Impact of societal challenges on the ocular surface.The ocular surface · 2023Pooled it
- Connected care in a digital world: Engagement and telehealth use in older cancer survivors.Journal of geriatric oncology · 2026Article
- Factors associated with hazardous alcohol use in patients with psychiatric disorders: a cross-sectional study in the Neuro-Psycho-Pathological Centre of Kinshasa.BMC psychiatry · 2026Article
- Demographic variation in weekly alcohol use across countries in the Global Flourishing Study.Communications medicine · 2026Article
- Etiology and correlates of alcohol misuse in early midlife.Alcohol, clinical & experimental research · 2025Article
- Family Resilience and Dyadic Coping during the Outbreak of the COVID-19 Pandemic in Italy: Their Protective Role in Hedonic and Eudaimonic Well-Being.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2023Article
- Are Cisgender Women and Transgender and Nonbinary People Drinking More During the COVID-19 Pandemic? It Depends.Alcohol research : current reviews · 2023Review
- Coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic associated with anxiety and depression among Non-Hispanic whites with chronic conditions in the US.Journal of affective disorders reports · 2022Article
- Spatial Distribution and Factors Associated With Risky Health Behavior Among Adult Males Aged 15-59 Years in Ethiopia: Generalized Structural Equation Modeling.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
purposeThe objective of this analysis was to find an association between employment status, psychological distress, and alcohol consumption.
methodsData from the 2020 Health Information National Trends Survey (HINTS) data was used. Patient health questionnaire-4 (PHQ-4) data and an average number of drinks per week were used to assess psychological distress and drinking status.
resultsOut of the 3865 people who answered the survey in the year 2020, 1890 (59.11%) were employed in one or multiple jobs during the time of the survey. The sample included 1561 men and 2204 women with an average age of 48.4 years. More than half (58.7%) of them were Non-Hispanic White followed by Hispanic and Non-Hispanic Black at 15.73% and 10.32%, respectively. Bivariate analysis showed a significant association between employment, psychological distress (p value=0.032), and alcohol drinking (p value=0.002); 60.59% of participants reporting severe distress (PHQ-4 score of 9-12) were unemployed. Alternatively, 73.1% of the employed respondents reported no stress (PHQ-4 score of 0-2). While more than half (75.97%) of those who were unemployed consumed only 1-2 drinks per week on an average, 7.27% consumed >13 drinks per week on an average. After adjusting for covariates, the regression analysis showed a highly significant association (p value< 0.001) between unemployment and psychological distress (OR=1.55; 95% CI 1.03, 2.31), and alcohol consumption (OR=0.67; 95% CI 0.48, 0.92).
conclusionUnemployment is associated with outcomes like psychological distress and alcohol consumption. However, being employed was found to be more strongly associated with alcohol drinking. We do not know if the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic was a risk factor for the given outcomes.
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