ArticleSurgical neurology international2021
Bone flap management strategies for postcraniotomy surgical site infection.
Article in Surgical neurology international, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 19 citations in OpenAlex.
- Bone flap preservation versus removal with immediate mesh cranioplasty for post-craniotomy infections: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Neurosurgical review · 2026Pooled it
- The role of bone flap explantation in the recurrence of surgical site infection after elective craniotomy: A multicenter propensity-matched cohort study.Neurosurgical review · 2026Article
- Autologous bone flap salvage strategies in postcraniotomy surgical site infections: A scoping review.Surgical neurology international · 2026Review
- Article
- CD4+ T cell-innate immune crosstalk is critical during Staphylococcus aureus craniotomy infection.JCI insight · 2025Article
- Interferon-gamma receptor signaling regulates innate immunity during Staphylococcus aureus craniotomy infection.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2025Article
- Delayed and recurrent surgical site infection from resorbed bone fragment after autologous cranioplasty: a case report.Journal of trauma and injury · 2024Article
- Single-cell profiling reveals a conserved role for hypoxia-inducible factor signaling during human craniotomy infection.Cell reports. Medicine · 2024Article
- Tissue niche influences immune and metabolic profiles to Staphylococcus aureus biofilm infection.Nature communications · 2024Article
- Epigenetic Regulation of Leukocyte Inflammatory Mediator Production Dictates Staphylococcus aureus Craniotomy Infection Outcome.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2023Article
- Surgical Site Infections in Glioblastoma Patients-A Retrospective Analysis.Journal of personalized medicine · 2023Article
- IL-10 production by granulocytes promotes Staphylococcus aureus craniotomy infection.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2023Article
- Transcriptional Profiling of Phagocytic Leukocytes and Microglia Reveals a Critical Role for Reactive Oxygen Species in Biofilm Containment during Staphylococcus aureus Craniotomy Infection.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2022Article
- Investigation of the Effects of Large Bone Flap Craniotomy on Cerebral Hemodynamics, Intracranial Infection Rate, and Nerve Function in Patients with Severe Craniocerebral Trauma.Contrast media & molecular imaging · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundSurgical site infection (SSI) after a craniotomy is traditionally treated with wound debridement and disposal of the bone flap, followed by intravenous antibiotics. The goal of this study is to evaluate the safety of replacing the bone flap or performing immediate titanium cranioplasty.
methodsAll craniotomies at single center between 2008 and 2020 were examined to identify 35 patients with postoperative SSI. Patients were grouped by bone flap management: craniectomy (22 patients), bone flap replacement (seven patients), and titanium cranioplasty (six patients). Retrospective chart review was performed to identify patient age, gender, index surgery indication and duration, diffusion restriction on MRI, presence of gross purulence, bacteria cultured, sinus involvement, implants used during surgery, and antibiotic prophylaxis/ treatment. These variables were compared to future infection recurrence and wound breakdown.
resultsThere was no significant difference in infection recurrence or future wound breakdown among the three bone flap management groups (
conclusionReplacing the bone flap or performing an immediate titanium cranioplasty is safe alternatives to discarding the bone flap after postoperative craniotomy SSI. When there is gross purulence present, caution should be used in replacing the bone flap, as infection recurrence is significantly higher in this subgroup of patients.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.