ArticleClinical kidney journal2021
Causal effects of education on chronic kidney disease: a Mendelian randomization study.
Article in Clinical kidney journal, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 19 citations in OpenAlex.
- Causal effects of education attainment on oral and oropharyngeal cancer: New evidence from a meta-analysis and Mendelian randomization study.Frontiers in public health · 2023Pooled it
- Genetically predicted education attainment in relation to somatic and mental health.Scientific reports · 2021Pooled it
- Associations of Socioeconomic Status With Cardiorenal Metabolic Multimorbidity: Evidence From the UK Biobank Cohort.JACC. Advances · 2026Article
- Educational attainment, body mass index, and smoking as mediators in kidney disease risk: a two-step Mendelian randomization study.Renal failure · 2025Article
- CKDu-AGRI Study-a population-based cross-sectional study of chronic kidney disease and chronic kidney disease of unknown aetiology among agricultural workers in Tamil Nadu, India.The Lancet regional health. Southeast Asia · 2025Article
- Low education and employment status drive cardiometabolic health: a social determinants perspective in Chinese population.Frontiers in public health · 2025Article
- Recent advances in the application of Mendelian randomization to chronic kidney disease.Renal failure · 2024Review
- Gender Disparities in the Association Between Educational Attainment and Cardiovascular-Kidney-Metabolic Syndrome: Cross-Sectional Study.JMIR public health and surveillance · 2024Article
- Association of educational attainment with hypertension and type-2 diabetes: A Mendelian randomization study.SSM - population health · 2024Article
- Article
- Social, political and legal determinants of kidney health: Perspectives from lower- and middle-income countries with a focus on India.Frontiers in nephrology · 2022Review
- Harnessing the Full Potential of Multi-Omic Analyses to Advance the Study and Treatment of Chronic Kidney Disease.Frontiers in nephrology · 2022Review
- Population knowledge on chronic kidney disease, its risk factors and means of prevention: a population-based study in Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil.Jornal brasileiro de nefrologiaArticle
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Authors and funding
14 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundPoor socio-economic status, including low education attainment, has been reported in chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients. We aimed to investigate the causal effects of education attainment on the risk of CKD.
methodsThe study was an observational cohort study including Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis. First, the clinical association between education attainment years as the exposure and prevalent CKD Stages 3-5 as the outcome was investigated by multivariable logistic regression in 308 741 individuals 40-69 years of age from the UK Biobank. MR analysis was performed with a previously reported genetic instrument from a genome-wide association meta-analysis of education attainment. Two-sample MR was performed with summary statistics for CKD in 567 460 individuals with European ancestry in the CKDGen genome-wide association meta-analysis. The findings were replicated by allele score-based MR in 321 260 individuals of white British ancestry in the UK Biobank with quality-controlled genetic data.
resultsHigher education attainment was significantly associated with lower adjusted odds for CKD in the clinical analysis {>17 years versus <16 years, adjusted odds ratio [OR] 0.910 [95% confidence interval (CI) 0.849-0.975]}. The causal estimates obtained by the inverse variance method in the two-sample MR indicated that higher genetically predicted education attainment causally reduced the risk of CKD [OR 0.934 (95% CI 0.873-0.999)]. Allele score-based MR also supported that higher education attainment was causally linked to a decreased risk of CKD [adjusted OR 0.944 (95% CI 0.922-0.966)].
conclusionThe study suggests that higher education attainment causally reduces the risk of CKD development in the general population.
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