SynthesisBMC infectious diseases2021
Associations of immunological features with COVID-19 severity: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Synthesis in BMC infectious diseases, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 36 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
36 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Effectiveness of Curcumin on Outcomes of Hospitalized COVID-19 Patients: A Systematic Review of Clinical Trials.Nutrients · 2022Pooled it
- T-Cell Subsets and Interleukin-10 Levels Are Predictors of Severity and Mortality in COVID-19: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Frontiers in medicine · 2022Pooled it
- Intranasal SARS-CoV-2 infection changes the transcriptome of the mouse trigeminal ganglion and brainstem: potential mechanisms underlying headache and trigeminal pain presentation in COVID-19.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2026Article
- Modelling severe COVID-19 in TLR3-mutated hiPSCs-derived lung organoids.Cell death discovery · 2025Article
- Evaluating COVID-19 severity prediction and immune dynamics with NULISAseq: Insights from the IMPACC study.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2025Article
- COVID-19 and Lung Cancer Interactions: A Literature Review.Medical sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Peripheral blood cytokine profiles predict the severity of SARS-CoV-2 infection: an EPICBMC infectious diseases · 2025Observational
- Cytokine Storms in COVID-19, Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis, and CAR-T Therapy.JAMA network open · 2025Article
- Anti-inflammatory effects ofFrontiers in pharmacology · 2025Article
- Inflammatory Markers Predict Blood Neurofilament Light Chain Levels in Acute COVID-19 Patients.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- Persistent immune abnormalities discriminate post-COVID syndrome from convalescence.Infection · 2024Article
- Laboratory parameters related to disease severity and physical performance after reconvalescence of acute COVID-19 infection.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Article
- Potential for recovery after extremely prolonged VV-ECMO support in well-selected severe COVID-19 patients: a retrospective cohort study.BMC pulmonary medicine · 2024Article
- Characteristics of cytokines/chemokines associated with disease severity and adverse prognosis in COVID-19 patients.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Article
- COVID-associated cystitis: the culprit behind the bladder woes post-COVID infection? A review.International urology and nephrology · 2023Review
- Early Trends to Show the Efficacy of Cordyceps militaris in Mild to Moderate COVID Inflammation.Cureus · 2023Article
- Dexamethasone Modulates the Cytokine Response but Not COVID-19-Induced Coagulopathy in Critically Ill.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- Article
- Association of SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid viral antigen and the receptor for advanced glycation end products with development of severe disease in patients presenting to the emergency department with COVID-19.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundCOVID-19 has spread widely worldwide, causing millions of deaths. We aim to explore the association of immunological features with COVID-19 severity.
methodsWe conducted a meta-analysis to estimate mean difference (MD) of immune cells and cytokines levels with COVID-19 severity in PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, the Cochrane Library and the grey literature.
resultsA total of 21 studies with 2033 COVID-19 patients were included. Compared with mild cases, severe cases showed significantly lower levels of immune cells including CD3
conclusionOur meta-analysis revealed significantly lower levels of immune cells (CD3
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.