Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34342719›Full record

ReviewHuman genetics2022

Deafness-in-a-dish: modeling hereditary deafness with inner ear organoids.

Daniel R Romano, Eri Hashino, Rick F Nelson

Open access · hybridAbstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Human genetics, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
14citing papers in PubMed
1.5field-weighted citation impact, top 21% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

14 citing papers in PubMed, 17 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Inner Ear Organoids: Recent Progress and Challenges.Stem cell reviews and reports · 2026
    Review
  2. Review
  3. Review
  4. The Reconstruction of Peripheral Auditory Circuit: Recent Advances and Future Challenges.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2025
    Review
  5. Advancing precision ear medicine: leveraging animal models for disease insights and therapeutic innovations.Mammalian genome : official journal of the International Mammalian Genome Society · 2025
    Review
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Inner Ear Organoids: Strengths and Limitations.Journal of the Association for Research in Otolaryngology : JARO · 2024
    Article
  9. Review
  10. Review
  11. Review
  12. Review
  13. Review
  14. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Daniel R RomanoDepartment of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, 980 W. Walnut Street, WH-C426C, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA.
Eri HashinoDepartment of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, 980 W. Walnut Street, WH-C426C, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8359-5788
Rick F NelsonDepartment of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, 980 W. Walnut Street, WH-C426C, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA. ricnelso@iupui.edu.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5749-6383
Indiana University School of Medicine

Funding

Modeling Inner Ear Differentiation with Pluripotent Stem CellsR01DC013294 · NIDCD · INDIANA UNIVERSITY INDIANAPOLIS · PI Eri Hashino · 2014 to 2026
$7.1M
Modeling Genetic Inner Ear Disorders with Human Pluripotent Stem CellsR01DC015788 · NIDCD · INDIANA UNIVERSITY INDIANAPOLIS · PI HASHINO, ERI · 2017 to 2021
$3.3M
Mechanisms of Mammalian Genetic Hearing LossR01DC020574 · NIDCD · INDIANA UNIVERSITY INDIANAPOLIS · PI Rick F Nelson · 2023 to 2026
$2.4M
Genetically Mediated Hair Cell Degeneration in 3D Inner Ear OrganoidsK08DC016034 · NIDCD · INDIANA UNIVERSITY INDIANAPOLIS · PI NELSON, RICK F · 2017 to 2021
$894k
NIDCD NIH HHS K08 DC016034NIDCD NIH HHS K08DC016034NIDCD NIH HHS R01 DC013294NIDCD NIH HHS R01 DC015788NIDCD NIH HHS R01 DC020574
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) is a major cause of functional disability in both the developed and developing world. While hearing aids and cochlear implants provide significant benefit to many with SNHL, neither targets the cellular and molecular dysfunction that ultimately underlies SNHL. The successful development of more targeted approaches, such as growth factor, stem cell, and gene therapies, will require a yet deeper understanding of the underlying molecular mechanisms of human hearing and deafness. Unfortunately, the human inner ear cannot be biopsied without causing significant, irreversible damage to the hearing or balance organ. Thus, much of our current understanding of the cellular and molecular biology of human deafness, and of the human auditory system more broadly, has been inferred from observational and experimental studies in animal models, each of which has its own advantages and limitations. In 2013, researchers described a protocol for the generation of inner ear organoids from pluripotent stem cells (PSCs), which could serve as scalable, high-fidelity alternatives to animal models. Here, we discuss the advantages and limitations of conventional models of the human auditory system, describe the generation and characteristics of PSC-derived inner ear organoids, and discuss several strategies and recent attempts to model hereditary deafness in vitro. Finally, we suggest and discuss several focus areas for the further, intensive characterization of inner ear organoids and discuss the translational applications of these novel models of the human inner ear.

Indexed as

DeafnessEar, InnerHearing Loss, SensorineuralHearing TestsHumansOrganoids

Identifiers

PMID34342719
PMCPMC9035009
OpenAlexW3193017575

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.