ArticleAdvanced healthcare materials2021
3D Printing of Microgel Scaffolds with Tunable Void Fraction to Promote Cell Infiltration.
Article in Advanced healthcare materials, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 67 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
67 citing papers in PubMed, 151 citations in OpenAlex.
- 3D bioprinting of flap-tissue with heterogenous cells and flexible perfusable vessels.Bioactive materials · 2026Article
- Reconciling Granular Hydrogel Microstructure and Mechanics via a Temporary Thermo-Responsive and Cell-Invadable Matrix.Small (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany) · 2026Article
- Integrating microchannels and flows into 3D printable granular hydrogel matrices.Lab on a chip · 2026Article
- Microgel-Based 3D Bioprinting: A Convergent Strategy Integrating Material Design, Jamming Dynamics, and Biological Function.Advanced healthcare materials · 2026Review
- Packed Hydrogel Microfibers as Scaffolds Supporting Dynamic Cellular Behavior and Biomaterial Inks in 3D Printing.Advanced healthcare materials · 2026Article
- Coagulative Granular Hydrogels with an Enzyme Catalyzed Fibrin Network for Endogenous Tissue Regeneration.Advanced healthcare materials · 2026Article
- A sequential and synergistic release sacrificial microgels scaffold for endometrial niche reprogramming and fertility restoration.Materials today. Bio · 2026Article
- Facile and Green Fabrication of Porous Hydrogels Based on Gelatin Microsphere Porogens for 3D Immune Cell Culture.Gels (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- A robust and user-agnostic step-emulsion platform for scalable microgel fabrication.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Preparation and Biomedical Applications of Spherical Cellulose Hydrogels: A Mini-Review.Gels (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Gel-Based 3D Food Printing for Dysphagia Management: Advances in Personalized Nutrition, Texture Control, and Clinical Translation.Gels (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Dynamic granular hydrogels to assess pancreatic cancer cell fate.Biomaterials science · 2026Article
- Heterogeneous-structural bilamellar bionic scaffold for integrated regeneration of tarso-conjunctival composite tissue.Journal of translational medicine · 2026Article
- Granular Hydrogels as Modular Biomaterials: From Structural Design to Biological Responses.Advanced healthcare materials · 2026Review
- A diffusion-based 3D printing strategy to fabricate self-supporting, perfusable networks.BMC methods · 2026Review
- Novel multi-component synergistic bioink that balances biocompatibility and mechanical strength for cartilage regeneration.Journal of Zhejiang University. Science. B · 2025Article
- Generalizing Gelatin Methacryloyl Granular Hydrogel Fabrication Using Stable Microgels with Predictable Stiffness.Advanced healthcare materials · 2025Article
- Multiscale Structure-Property Relationships in Gelatin-Based Granular Hydrogel Scaffolds.ACS macro letters · 2025Article
- Particle-based hydrogel inks and support matrices for biofabricating structural complexity, soluble gradients, and cell-lined channels in fully granular bioprinted systems.Biofabrication · 2025Article
- Tissue-Engineered Three-Dimensional Platforms for Disease Modeling and Therapeutic Development.Tissue engineering. Part B, Reviews · 2025Review
7 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Granular, microgel-based materials have garnered interest as promising tissue engineering scaffolds due to their inherent porosity, which can promote cell infiltration. Adapting these materials for 3D bioprinting, while maintaining sufficient void space to enable cell migration, can be challenging, since the rheological properties that determine printability are strongly influenced by microgel packing and void fraction. In this work, a strategy is proposed to decouple printability and void fraction by blending UV-crosslinkable gelatin methacryloyl (GelMA) microgels with sacrificial gelatin microgels to form composite inks. It is observed that inks with an apparent viscosity greater than ≈100 Pa s (corresponding to microgel concentrations ≥5 wt%) have rheological properties that enable extrusion-based printing of multilayered structures in air. By altering the ratio of GelMA to sacrificial gelatin microgels, while holding total concentration constant at 6 wt%, a family of GelMA:gelatin microgel inks is created that allows for tuning of void fraction from 0.20 to 0.57. Furthermore, human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) seeded onto printed constructs are observed to migrate into granular inks in a void fraction-dependent manner. Thus, the family of microgel inks holds promise for use in 3D printing and tissue engineering applications that rely upon cell infiltration.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.