ReviewNeurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology2021
Air pollution and multiple sclerosis: a comprehensive review.
Review in Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 38 citations in OpenAlex.
- Urban air pollution and emergency department visits related to central nervous system diseases.PloS one · 2022Trial
- From Air to Brain: Environmental Nanoparticles as Modifiable Risk Factors for Neurodevelopmental, Neurodegenerative, and Mental Disorders.ACS omega · 2026Review
- Article
- Short-term associations between ambient air pollution and emergency department visits for Parkinson disease, multiple sclerosis, migraine, and seizure in California, 2005-2018.Environmental epidemiology (Philadelphia, Pa.) · 2026Article
- Exposure to Multiple Fine Particulate Matter Components and Incident Depression in the US Medicare Population.JAMA network open · 2025Article
- Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor in Health and Disease.MedComm · 2025Review
- Multiphase Radical Chemical Processes Induced by Air Pollutants and the Associated Health Effects.Environment & health (Washington, D.C.) · 2025Review
- Long-term effects of air pollution on the incidence and progression of multiple sclerosis: A population cohort study in Isfahan, Iran.PloS one · 2025Article
- Article
- The lung-brain axis in multiple sclerosis: Mechanistic insights and future directions.Brain, behavior, & immunity - health · 2024Article
- Contributions of Synthetic Chemicals to Autoimmune Disease Development and Occurrence.Current environmental health reports · 2024Review
- Correlates and trajectories of relapses in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis.Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology · 2024Article
- Article
- Role of DAMPs and cell death in autoimmune diseases: the example of multiple sclerosis.Genes and immunity · 2023Review
- Neuron Protection by EDTA May Explain the Successful Outcomes of Toxic Metal Chelation Therapy in Neurodegenerative Diseases.Biomedicines · 2022Review
- Review
- Airborne Pollution: A Potential Risk Factor for Multiple Sclerosis in Colder Climates.Inquiry : a journal of medical care organization, provision and financingObservational
- Traffic-generated air pollution - Exposure mediated expression of factors associated with demyelination in a female apolipoprotein ENeurotoxicology and teratologyArticle
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an inflammatory, autoimmune demyelinating disorder of the central nervous system (CNS), leading to progressive functional impairments, and many intrinsic and acquired factors are believed to be associated with its development and relapse. In terms of environmental factors, air pollution has gained much attention during recent decades, as chronic exposure to ambient air pollution seems to increase the level of some pro-inflammatory markers in the human brain, which can lead to neuroinflammation, neurodegeneration, and blood-brain barrier (BBB) breakdown. These events may also be associated with the risk of MS development and relapse. In this review, we aimed to summarize recent findings around the impact of air pollutants, including particulate matter (PM10, PM2.5, and ultra-fine particles), gaseous pollutants (carbon monoxide [CO], nitrogen oxides [NO
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Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.