Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34341712›Full record

ReviewAging and disease2021

Promising Intervention Approaches to Potentially Resolve Neuroinflammation And Steroid Hormones Alterations in Alzheimer's Disease and Its Neuropsychiatric Symptoms.

Catia Scassellati, Antonio Carlo Galoforo, Ciro Esposito, Miriam Ciani, Giovanni Ricevuti, Cristian Bonvicini

Registry-linked trialOpen access · goldAbstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Aging and disease, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT06071611 (Cognitive Frailty and Oxygen-ozone Therapy), which is not on this map. Cited by 19 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
19citing papers in PubMed
2.4field-weighted citation impact, top 12% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT06071611 nacompletednot on this map

Cognitive Frailty and Oxygen-ozone Therapy: Integrated Approach to Identify Biological and Neuropsychological Markers

TypeinterventionalSponsorIRCCS Centro San Giovanni di Dio FatebenefratelliRan2019 to 2023Enrolled75ConditionsCognitive FrailtyArmsExperimental: Oxygen-Ozone (O2-O3), Active Comparator: Oxygen (O2), Placebo Comparator: Placebo (Air)
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

19 citing papers in PubMed, 27 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Review
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  8. Cranberry Extract Ameliorates Diabetic Cognitive Impairment in Rats Via LncRNA GAS-5 Downregulation and Pyroptosis Pathway Inhibition.Journal of neuroimmune pharmacology : the official journal of the Society on NeuroImmune Pharmacology · 2025
    Article
  9. Review
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  13. Review
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.

Catia Scassellati1Biological Psychiatry Unit, IRCCS Istituto Centro San Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli, Brescia, Italy.
Antonio Carlo Galoforo2Oxygen-Ozone Therapy Scientific Society (SIOOT), Gorle, Italy.
Ciro Esposito4Department of Internal Medicine and Therapeutics, University of Pavia, Italy.
Miriam Ciani7Molecular Markers Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Centro San Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli, Brescia, Italy.
Giovanni Ricevuti6P.D. High School in Geriatrics, University of Pavia, Italy.
Cristian Bonvicini7Molecular Markers Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Centro San Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli, Brescia, Italy.
Centro San Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli · ITUniversity of Pavia · ITIstituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri · IT

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Neuroinflammation is a biological process by which the central nervous system responds to stimuli/injuries affecting its homeostasis. So far as this reactive response becomes exacerbated and uncontrolled, it can lead to neurodegeneration, compromising the cognitive and neuropsychiatric domains. Parallelly, modifications in the hypothalamic signaling of neuroprotective hormones linked also to the inflammatory responses of microglia and astrocytes can exacerbate these processes. To complicate the picture, modulations in the gut microbiota (GM) can induce changes in neuroinflammation, altering cognitive and neuropsychiatric functioning. We conducted a web-based search on PubMed. We described studies regarding the cross-talk among microglia and astrocytes in the neuroinflammation processes, along with the role played by the steroid hormones, and how this can reflect on cognitive decline/neurodegeneration, in particular on Alzheimer's Disease (AD) and its neuropsychiatric manifestations. We propose and support the huge literature showing the potentiality of complementary/alternative therapeutic approaches (nutraceuticals) targeting the sustained inflammatory response, the dysregulation of hypothalamic system and the GM composition. NF-κB and Keap1/Nrf2 are the main molecular targets on which a list of nutraceuticals can modulate the altered processes. Since there are some limitations, we propose a new intervention natural treatment in terms of Oxygen-ozone (O

Indexed as

Alzheimer’s DiseaseKeap1/Nrf2NeuroinflammationNF-κBNutraceuticalsOxygen-Ozone TherapySteroid hormones

Identifiers

PMID34341712
PMCPMC8279527
OpenAlexW3191885662

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.