ArticleMolecular psychiatry2021
Pre-treatment clinical and gene expression patterns predict developmental change in early intervention in autism.
Article in Molecular psychiatry, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT06817746 (Fostering Infant Responsivity and Reciprocity - Support to Thrive. A Multisite Randomized Control Trial of a Preemptive Telehealth Intervention for Infants With Early Signs of Autism Spectrum Disorders), which is not on this map. Cited by 17 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Fostering Infant Responsivity and Reciprocity - Support to Thrive. A Multisite Randomized Control Trial of a Preemptive Telehealth Intervention for Infants With Early Signs of Autism Spectrum Disorders
Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 18 citations in OpenAlex.
- Predicting early intervention outcomes in autism via individual participant data mega-analysis.Molecular autism · 2026Pooled it
- Trial
- Epigenetic regulation and ROS signaling in plant stress adaptation: an integrated framework.TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik · 2026Review
- Advances in supporting development in autistic children and youth.BMJ (Clinical research ed.) · 2026Review
- Clinical and Sociodemographic Characteristics Associated with Access to Early Intervention Programs for Infants with Prodromes of Autism.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- Parent-mediated early intervention in infants and toddlers at elevated likelihood for autism: a systematic review of randomized controlled trials.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2026Review
- Ethno-evolutionary insights and missed critical periods hypothesis of Autism Spectrum Condition.Frontiers in child and adolescent psychiatry · 2026Article
- Feasibility and preliminary efficacy of an infant preemptive intervention for prodromes of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) delivered within an Italian tertiary hospital.Frontiers in child and adolescent psychiatry · 2026Article
- Feasibility of an Evidence-Based Parent-Mediated Intervention for Autism Spectrum Disorder in a Community Healthcare Service in Italy.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Proportion and Profile of Autistic Children Not Acquiring Spoken Language Despite Receiving Evidence-Based Early Interventions.Journal of clinical child and adolescent psychology : the official journal for the Society of Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology, American Psychological Association, Division 53 · 2025Article
- Leveraging AI-Driven Neuroimaging Biomarkers for Early Detection and Social Function Prediction in Autism Spectrum Disorders: A Systematic Review.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- The Use of Griffiths III in the Appraisal of the Developmental Profile in Autism: A Systematic Search and Review.Brain sciences · 2025Review
- The challenges for early intervention and its effects on the prognosis of autism spectrum disorder: a systematic review.Dementia & neuropsychologia · 2024Review
- A predictive ensemble classifier for the gene expression diagnosis of ASD at ages 1 to 4 years.Molecular psychiatry · 2023Article
- Case report: Preemptive intervention for an infant with early signs of autism spectrum disorder during the first year of life.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2023Article
- Distinct Patterns of Cognitive Outcome in Young Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder Receiving the Early Start Denver Model.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2022Article
- Early multimodal behavioral cues in autism: a micro-analytical exploration of actions, gestures and speech during naturalistic parent-child interactions.International journal of clinical and health psychology : IJCHPArticle
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
14 authors at 5 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Early detection and intervention are believed to be key to facilitating better outcomes in children with autism, yet the impact of age at treatment start on the outcome is poorly understood. While clinical traits such as language ability have been shown to predict treatment outcome, whether or not and how information at the genomic level can predict treatment outcome is unknown. Leveraging a cohort of toddlers with autism who all received the same standardized intervention at a very young age and provided a blood sample, here we find that very early treatment engagement (i.e., <24 months) leads to greater gains while controlling for time in treatment. Pre-treatment clinical behavioral measures predict 21% of the variance in the rate of skill growth during early intervention. Pre-treatment blood leukocyte gene expression patterns also predict the rate of skill growth, accounting for 13% of the variance in treatment slopes. Results indicated that 295 genes can be prioritized as driving this effect. These treatment-relevant genes highly interact at the protein level, are enriched for differentially histone acetylated genes in autism postmortem cortical tissue, and are normatively highly expressed in a variety of subcortical and cortical areas important for social communication and language development. This work suggests that pre-treatment biological and clinical behavioral characteristics are important for predicting developmental change in the context of early intervention and that individualized pre-treatment biology related to histone acetylation may be key.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.