ArticleBMC medicine2021
Use of systemic glucocorticoids and risk of breast cancer in a prospective cohort of postmenopausal women.
Article in BMC medicine, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 19 citations in OpenAlex.
- Safety of Alopecia Treatments in Patients with Breast Cancer and High-Risk Women: A Review.American journal of clinical dermatology · 2025Review
- Use of Systemic Glucocorticoids and Risk of Prostate Adenocarcinoma: Evidence From a Danish Population-Based Case-Control Study.Cancer medicine · 2025Article
- Systemic glucocorticoids and the risk of breast cancer in a large nationwide case-control study.Breast cancer research : BCR · 2025Article
- Adenylate cyclase 9 expression level is associated with hormone receptor-positive breast cancer and predicts patient prognosis.Nagoya journal of medical science · 2024Article
- Concomitant medication, comorbidity and survival in patients with breast cancer.Nature communications · 2024Article
- Article
- Clinicopathological prognostic characteristics and long‑term outcomes of patients with breast cancer and collagen disorder in comparison to those without collagen disorder.Oncology letters · 2023Article
- Mometasone Furoate Inhibits the Progression of Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma via Regulating Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase Non-Receptor Type 11.Biomedicines · 2023Article
- A body shape index (ABSI) is associated inversely with post-menopausal progesterone-receptor-negative breast cancer risk in a large European cohort.BMC cancer · 2023Article
- Context-Dependent Role of Glucocorticoid Receptor Alpha and Beta in Breast Cancer Cell Behaviour.Cells · 2023Article
- Glucocorticoid regulation of cancer development and progression.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2023Review
- Mechanisms behind context-dependent role of glucocorticoids in breast cancer progression.Cancer metastasis reviews · 2022Review
- Glucocorticoids and breast cancer risk.BMC medicine · 2021Article
- Side effects of chronic systemic glucocorticoid therapy: what dermatologists should know.Anais brasileiros de dermatologiaReview
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundGlucocorticoids could theoretically decrease breast cancer risk through their anti-inflammatory effects or increase risk through immunosuppression. However, epidemiological evidence is limited regarding the associations between glucocorticoid use and breast cancer risk.
methodsWe investigated the association between systemic glucocorticoid use and breast cancer incidence in the E3N cohort, which includes 98,995 women with information on various characteristics collected from repeated questionnaires complemented with drug reimbursement data available from 2004. Women with at least two reimbursements of systemic glucocorticoids in any previous 3-month period since January 1, 2004, were defined as exposed. We considered exposure as a time-varying parameter, and we used multivariable Cox regression models to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) of breast cancer. We performed a competing risk analysis using a cause-specific hazard approach to study the heterogeneity by tumour subtype/stage/grade.
resultsAmong 62,512 postmenopausal women (median age at inclusion of 63 years old), 2864 developed breast cancer during a median follow-up of 9 years (between years 2004 and 2014). Compared with non-exposure, glucocorticoid exposure was not associated with overall breast cancer risk [HR = 0.94 (0.85-1.05)]; however, it was associated with a higher risk of in situ breast cancer and a lower risk of invasive breast cancer [HR
conclusionThis study suggests that the association between systemic glucocorticoid use and breast cancer risk may differ by tumour subtype and stage.
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