ArticleDepression and anxiety2021
Examining the bidirectional relationships between maternal intrusiveness and child internalizing symptoms in a community sample: A longitudinal study from infancy to middle childhood.
Article in Depression and anxiety, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.
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Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed.
- Infant negative affect, maternal intrusiveness, and child outcomes: The moderating role of maternal mind-mindedness in shaping psychopathology risk or resilience.Infant mental health journal · 2026Article
- Co-Changes and Mutual Influences of Fearful Temperament, Task Switching, and Maternal Intrusiveness in Early Childhood.Developmental psychobiology · 2025Article
- Internalising and externalising behaviour in siblings of children born preterm Preterm birth: Internalising and externalising behaviour of siblings.PLOS mental health · 2025Article
- Assessing anxiety problems in a community sample during toddlerhood: The impact of child temperament and maternal intrusiveness.Infant behavior & development · 2024Article
- Associations of crying, sleeping, and feeding problems in early childhood and perceived social support with emotional disorders in adulthood.BMC psychiatry · 2023Article
- Infant regulatory problems and the quality of dyadic emotional connection-a proof-of-concept study in a multilingual sample.Frontiers in child and adolescent psychiatry · 2023Article
- From parents to children and back again: Bidirectional processes in the transmission and development of depression and anxiety.Depression and anxiety · 2021Article
- Parental sensitivity and intrusiveness with mothers and fathers: Associations between parental behavioral activation/inhibition and infant temperament.Infancy : the official journal of the International Society on Infant StudiesArticle
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
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Abstract
backgroundMyriad parenting behaviors have been linked to the development of internalizing disorders in children. Intrusive parenting, characterized by autonomy-limiting behaviors that hold the parent's agenda above that of the child, may uniquely contribute to the development of child internalizing symptoms. The current study investigates bidirectional effects between maternal intrusiveness and internalizing symptomology from infancy to middle childhood.
methodsParticipants were a community sample of 218 infant-mother dyads assessed at 7 time points (5 and 10 months; 2, 3, 4, 6, and 9 years). Maternal intrusiveness was behaviorally coded at all timepoints; mothers completed the CBCL for their child at ages 3, 4, 6, and 9 years. The empirically derived Internalizing subscale was used to assess child internalizing symptoms.
resultsAbout 1/3 to ½ of mothers displayed maternal intrusiveness across infancy and childhood, with the exception of ages 2-3 years, when an increase in the number of mothers displaying intrusiveness was observed. A cross-lagged panel model showed that intrusiveness and internalizing symptoms were concurrently related at 3 years, but this relationship disappeared when we controlled for maternal education. There was no evidence of prospective relationships between our constructs.
conclusionsMothers in a community-based sample may increase intrusiveness in the toddler and early preschool years as children strive for more autonomy. Intrusiveness may play more of a maintenance role in child internalizing symptoms, and associations between maternal intrusiveness and child internalizing symptomatology may be weaker than hypothesized, varying by maternal education. Suggestions for assessing intrusive parenting in future studies are discussed.
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