ArticlePloS one2021
"Existimos": Health and social needs of transgender men in Lima, Peru.
Article in PloS one, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 16 citations in OpenAlex.
- Institutional Violence Perpetrated against Transgender Individuals in Health Services: A Systematic Review of Qualitative Studies.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2024Pooled it
- Factors Associated With Health Care Utilization Among Transgender Adults in Brazil.Journal of public health dentistry · 2026Article
- Understanding suicide risk among LGBTQ+ youth in Peru: Findings from a nationwide mental health survey.Global mental health (Cambridge, England) · 2026Article
- Understanding the role of gender congruence and affirming care in trans men's body image and quality of life.International journal of transgender health · 2026Article
- Gender recognition and health rights vis-à-vis reproductive justice: Exploring the experiences of transmasculine persons in India.International journal of transgender health · 2026Article
- Gender-responsive HIV prevention and care research with transgender communities: lessons learned from Peru.Lancet regional health. Americas · 2025Review
- Healthcare practitioners as accomplices: a qualitative study of gender affirmation in a context of ambiguous regulation in Indonesia.BMC medical ethics · 2025Article
- Latin Transgender and Gender-Diverse Individuals' Perceptions of Well-Being During the COVID-19 Pandemic.Behavioral sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Trans people perceptions of care received from healthcare professionals - A phenomenological study.Heliyon · 2024Article
- 'Don't think that we die from AIDS': Invisibilised uncertainty and global transgender health.Sociology of health & illness · 2023Article
- Stigma and discrimination against transgender men in Bhutan.PloS one · 2023Article
- Standards of Care for the Health of Transgender and Gender Diverse People, Version 8.International journal of transgender health · 2022Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 4 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundThe health of transgender men (trans men)-individuals who identify as men and were assigned a female sex assigned at birth-is overlooked globally. This mixed-methods exploratory study sought to understand the lived experiences, health, and social needs of trans men in Lima, Peru to bring visibility to specific health needs and inform responsive and holistic public health efforts.
methodsBetween July 2016-January 2017, 46 trans men in Lima, Peru participated in a mixed-methods study. Four focus group discussions were conducted, complemented with 10 one-on-one interviews to explore in-depth issues that arose in groups. Two individuals participated in both a focus group and an interview. All participants completed a brief survey assessing sociodemographic characteristics and experiences with healthcare, mental health, and stigma. Audio files were transcribed verbatim and analyzed using an immersion crystallization approach to identify themes.
resultsParticipants had a mean age of 24 years (range 18-48). Trans men reported a lack of awareness and information among medical providers, avoidance of healthcare due to discrimination and maltreatment, an absence of public services for medical gender affirmation (hormones, surgeries), and unmet mental health needs. Trans men described health as multidimensional and influenced by social, economic, and legal contexts including family, school, employment and work, legal identity recognition, discrimination in public spaces, and peer support. Violence, stigma, and intersecting forms of oppression were described as limiting social and legal recognition of trans identity a central dimension of health. Peer support, often in an online environment, was described as important to resistance and well-being.
conclusionsFindings demonstrate that the physical and mental health of trans men, as well as unmet needs for healthcare services, are influenced by a complex set of social, economic, and legal challenges due to the social exclusion of trans people in Peruvian society. Results are a call to action for stakeholders in Peru to guarantee the rights, health, and wellbeing of this community.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.