ArticleDevelopment (Cambridge, England)2021
A comprehensive series of Irx cluster mutants reveals diverse roles in facial cartilage development.
Article in Development (Cambridge, England), 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
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Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed, 12 citations in OpenAlex.
- Distinct ossification trade-offs illuminate the shoulder girdle reconfiguration at the water-to-land transition.Nature communications · 2025Article
- GRAMMAR-Lambda Delivers Efficient Understanding of the Genetic Basis for Head Size in Catfish.Biology · 2025Article
- Irx3/5 Null Deletion in Mice Blocks Cochlea-Saccule Segregation and Disrupts the Auditory Tonotopic Map.The Journal of comparative neurology · 2024Article
- Gastrulation-stage gene expression inScience advances · 2024Article
- Cartilage diversification and modularity drove the evolution of the ancestral vertebrate head skeleton.EvoDevo · 2023Article
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Proper function of the vertebrate skeleton requires the development of distinct articulating embryonic cartilages. Irx transcription factors are arranged in co-regulated clusters that are expressed in the developing skeletons of the face and appendages. IrxB cluster genes are required for the separation of toes in mice and formation of the hyoid joint in zebrafish, yet whether Irx genes have broader roles in skeletal development remains unclear. Here, we perform a comprehensive loss-of-function analysis of all 11 Irx genes in zebrafish. We uncover conserved requirements for IrxB genes in formation of the fish and mouse scapula. In the face, we find a requirement for IrxAb genes and irx7 in formation of anterior neural crest precursors of the jaw, and for IrxBa genes in formation of endodermal pouches and gill cartilages. We also observe extensive joint loss and cartilage fusions in animals with combinatorial losses of Irx clusters, with in vivo imaging revealing that at least some of these fusions arise through inappropriate chondrogenesis. Our analysis reveals diverse roles for Irx genes in the formation and later segmentation of the facial skeleton.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.