Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34338160›Full record

ArticleGlobal health action2021

Teachers' perspective on implementation of menstrual hygiene management and puberty education in a pilot study in Bangladeshi schools.

Mehjabin Tishan Mahfuz, Farhana Sultana, Erin C Hunter, Farjana Jahan, Farhana Akand, Shifat Khan, Mosammat Mobashhara, Mahbubur Rahman, Mahbub-Ul Alam, Leanne Unicomb and 2 more

Registry-linked trialOpen access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Global health action, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT07723885 (Cluster Randomized Controlled Trial of a Low-cost Menstrual Health and Hygiene), which is not on this map. Cited by 8 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
8citing papers in PubMed
1.8field-weighted citation impact, top 15% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT07723885 naactive not recruitingnot on this mapstarted 2025, after this paper: background citation

Cluster Randomized Controlled Trial of a Low-cost Menstrual Health and Hygiene (MHH) Intervention in the Health Systems in Bangladesh

TypeinterventionalSponsorInternational Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, BangladeshRan2025 to 2026Enrolled700ConditionsMenstrual Health Intervention, Product Use Issue, Hygiene Practices and Knowledge, Menstrual Hygiene ManagementArmsMenstrual health and hygiene intervention
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

8 citing papers in PubMed, 15 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
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  8. Toward a Menstrual-friendly School Environment: A Convergent Parallel Mixed Method Study.Indian journal of community medicine : official publication of Indian Association of Preventive & Social Medicine
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

12 authors at 4 institutions in 3 countries.

Mehjabin Tishan MahfuzEnvironmental Interventions Unit, Infectious Disease Division, International Centre for Diarrheal Disease Research Bangladesh (icddr,b), Bangladesh.
Farhana SultanaEnvironmental Interventions Unit, Infectious Disease Division, International Centre for Diarrheal Disease Research Bangladesh (icddr,b), Bangladesh.
Erin C HunterSchool of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.
Farjana JahanEnvironmental Interventions Unit, Infectious Disease Division, International Centre for Diarrheal Disease Research Bangladesh (icddr,b), Bangladesh.
Farhana AkandEnvironmental Interventions Unit, Infectious Disease Division, International Centre for Diarrheal Disease Research Bangladesh (icddr,b), Bangladesh.
Shifat KhanEnvironmental Interventions Unit, Infectious Disease Division, International Centre for Diarrheal Disease Research Bangladesh (icddr,b), Bangladesh.
Mosammat MobashharaEnvironmental Interventions Unit, Infectious Disease Division, International Centre for Diarrheal Disease Research Bangladesh (icddr,b), Bangladesh.
Mahbubur RahmanEnvironmental Interventions Unit, Infectious Disease Division, International Centre for Diarrheal Disease Research Bangladesh (icddr,b), Bangladesh.
Mahbub-Ul AlamEnvironmental Interventions Unit, Infectious Disease Division, International Centre for Diarrheal Disease Research Bangladesh (icddr,b), Bangladesh.
Leanne UnicombEnvironmental Interventions Unit, Infectious Disease Division, International Centre for Diarrheal Disease Research Bangladesh (icddr,b), Bangladesh.
Stephen P LubyWoods Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
Peter J WinchJohn Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-8569-5507
International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research · BDJohns Hopkins University · USStanford University · USThe University of Sydney · AU

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveTo assess the perspectives of Bangladeshi teachers on the feasibility of delivery and potential for long-term sustainability of puberty and menstruation education in urban and rural schools.

methodWe developed a multi-module puberty and menstrual hygiene management education curriculum that teachers piloted for six months in four urban and rural government and private schools in Bangladesh. We conducted monthly assessments during piloting, discussion for manual revision and four group discussions with 20 participating teachers to understand perceived benefits, barriers, and sustainability of puberty and menstruation education among school children.

resultsTeachers acknowledged the importance of school-based puberty and menstruation education to improve students' perception and preparedness. They found that the training and instructors' manual they received were useful tools for effectively communicating with students. Teachers noted school and community pressure to de-emphasize educational content not included on nationally standardized examinations, and insufficient time and pre-service training for teaching sensitive topics served as barriers to implementing the pilot curriculum.

conclusionPressure from school authorities and community may hinder the successful long-term delivery of school-based puberty and menstruation education programs that are external to the national curriculum. Our findings indicate that feasibly and sustainably improving education on these topics in Bangladeshi classrooms should be achieved through 1) revision of the current national curriculum to incorporate more comprehensive puberty and menstruation information including its physiology, management, and social context, 2) adequate training and support for teachers to deliver the content, and 3) incorporation of puberty and menstruation content into students' national examinations which may better ensure teachers are given the tools and opportunity to prioritize teaching this content.

Indexed as

HygieneMenstruationChildFemaleHumansPilot ProjectsPubertySchoolseducationeducation barriersmenstrual healthMenstrual hygiene management (MHM)social and behavior change communication (SBCC)

Identifiers

PMID34338160
PMCPMC8330768
OpenAlexW3189944760

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.