Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34337468›Full record

ArticleEuropean urology open science2020

Identification and Validation of Leucine-rich α-2-glycoprotein 1 as a Noninvasive Biomarker for Improved Precision in Prostate Cancer Risk Stratification.

Ingrid J Guldvik, Verena Zuber, Peder R Braadland, Helene H Grytli, Håkon Ramberg, Wolfgang Lilleby, Bernd Thiede, Manuela Zucknick, Fahri Saatcioglu, Randi Gislefoss and 8 more

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in European urology open science, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
15citing papers in PubMed
1.3field-weighted citation impact, top 16% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

15 citing papers in PubMed, 22 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. The role of Fetuin-A and Leucine-rich α-2-glycoprotein in the diagnosis of prostate cancer - a pilot study.Biomedical papers of the Medical Faculty of the University Palacky, Olomouc, Czechoslovakia · 2025
    Article
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  12. LRG1: an emerging player in disease pathogenesis.Journal of biomedical science · 2022
    Review
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  15. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

18 authors at 8 institutions in 3 countries.

Ingrid J GuldvikProstate Cancer Research Group, Centre for Molecular Medicine Norway, University of Oslo and Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.
Verena ZuberMRC Biostatistics Unit, Cambridge University, Cambridgeshire, UK.
Peder R BraadlandDepartment of Tumour Biology, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.
Helene H GrytliDepartment of Tumour Biology, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.
Håkon RambergDepartment of Tumour Biology, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.
Wolfgang LillebyDepartment of Oncology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.
Bernd ThiedeBiotechnology Centre of Oslo, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
Manuela ZucknickDepartment of Biostatistics, Oslo Centre for Biostatistics and Epidemiology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
Fahri SaatciogluDepartment of Biosciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
Randi GislefossCancer Registry of Norway, Institute of Population-Based Cancer Research, Oslo, Norway.
Rune KvåleCancer Registry of Norway, Institute of Population-Based Cancer Research, Oslo, Norway.
Anne GeorgeAcademic Urology Group, Department of Surgery, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
Henrik GrönbergDepartment of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.
Fredrik WiklundDepartment of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.
David E NealNuffield Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
Vincent J GnanapragasamAcademic Urology Group, Department of Surgery, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
Kristin A TaskénDepartment of Tumour Biology, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.
Ian G MillsProstate Cancer Research Group, Centre for Molecular Medicine Norway, University of Oslo and Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.
Oslo University Hospital · NOUniversity of Cambridge · GBUniversity of Oslo · NOKarolinska Institutet · SECancer Registry of Norway · NONorwegian Institute of Public Health · NOQueen's University Belfast · GBUniversity of Oxford · GB

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundMore accurate risk assessments are needed to improve prostate cancer management.

objectiveTo identify blood-based protein biomarkers that provided prognostic information for risk stratification. DESIGN SETTING AND

participantsMass spectrometry was used to identify biomarker candidates from blood, and validation studies were performed in four independent cohorts retrospectively collected between 1988 and 2015. OUTCOME MEASUREMENTS AND STATISTICAL ANALYSIS: The primary outcome objectives were progression-free survival, prostate cancer-specific survival (PCSS), and overall survival. Statistical analyses to assess survival and model performance were performed. RESULTS AND LIMITATION: Serum leucine-rich α-2-glycoprotein 1 (LRG1) was found to be elevated in fatal prostate cancer. LRG1 provided prognostic information independent of metastasis and increased the accuracy in predicting PCSS, particularly in the first 3 yr. A high LRG1 level is associated with an average of two-fold higher risk of disease-progression and mortality in both high-risk and metastatic patients. However, our study design, with a retrospective analysis of samples spanning several decades back, limits the assessment of the clinical utility of LRG1 in today's clinical practice. Thus, independent prospective studies are needed to establish LRG1 as a clinically useful biomarker for patient management.

conclusionsHigh blood levels of LRG1 are unfavourable in newly diagnosed high-risk and metastatic prostate cancer, and LRG1 increased the accuracy of risk stratification of prostate cancer patients. PATIENT SUMMARY: High blood levels of leucine-rich α-2-glycoprotein 1 are unfavourable in newly diagnosed high-risk and metastatic prostate cancer.

Indexed as

BiomarkerLeucine-rich α-2-glycoprotein 1NoninvasiveProstate cancer

Identifiers

PMID34337468
PMCPMC8317831
OpenAlexW3093183417

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.