ArticleOpen forum infectious diseases2021
Hospital-Acquired Bloodstream Infections in Patients Hospitalized With Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Infection (Coronavirus Disease 2019): Association With Immunosuppressive Therapies.
Article in Open forum infectious diseases, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
21 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 27 citations in OpenAlex.
- Antimicrobial resistance in patients with COVID-19: a systematic review and meta-analysis.The Lancet. Microbe · 2023Pooled it
- Article
- Review
- Association of Extended Steroid Treatment With Bloodstream Infection in Critically Ill Patients With COVID-19: A National, Multicenter, Propensity Score-Matched Study.Journal of Korean medical science · 2025Article
- Bloodstream infections in the era of the COVID-19 pandemic: Changing epidemiology of antimicrobial resistance in the intensive care unit.Journal of intensive medicine · 2024Review
- Review
- COVID-19 associated bacterial infections in intensive care unit: a case control study.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Impact of a Pro-Active Infectious Disease Consultation on the Management of a Multidrug-Resistant Organisms Outbreak in a COVID-19 Hospital: A Three-Months Quasi-Experimental Study.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Diagnostic significance of secondary bacteremia in patients with COVID-19.Journal of infection and chemotherapy : official journal of the Japan Society of Chemotherapy · 2023Article
- A case report of fatal COVID-19 complicated by rapidly progressive sepsis caused by Klebsiella variicola.BMC infectious diseases · 2023Article
- Antibiotic Usage in the COVID-19 Intensive Care Unit of an Infectious Diseases Hospital from Nord-Eastern Romania.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2023Article
- Impact of Bacterial Infections on COVID-19 Patients: Is Timing Important?Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Phage-Derived Depolymerase: Its Possible Role for Secondary Bacterial Infections in COVID-19 Patients.Microorganisms · 2023Review
- Epidemiology and outcomes of culture-positive bloodstream pathogens prior to and during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic: a multicenter evaluation.BMC infectious diseases · 2022Article
- Prompt and Appropriate Antimicrobial Therapy Improves Outcomes of NDM-Producing and KPC-ProducingAntibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Bloodstream Infections in a COVID-19 Non-ICU Department: Microbial Epidemiology, Resistance Profiles and Comparative Analysis of Risk Factors and Patients' Outcome.Microorganisms · 2022Article
- Long-Term Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on In-Hospital Antibiotic Consumption and Antibiotic Resistance: A Time Series Analysis (2015-2021).Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Pathogen Species Is Associated With Mortality in Nosocomial Bloodstream Infection in Patients With COVID-19.Open forum infectious diseases · 2022Article
- Phage therapy for secondary bacterial infections with COVID-19.Current opinion in virology · 2022Review
- The Impact of COVID-19 on the Profile of Hospital-Acquired Infections in Adult Intensive Care Units.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
14 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundImmunosuppressive therapies proposed for Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) management may predispose to secondary infections. We evaluated the association of immunosuppressive therapies with bloodstream-infections (BSIs) in hospitalized COVID-19 patients.
methodsThis was an institutional review board-approved retrospective, multicenter, cohort study of adults hospitalized with COVID-19 over a 5-month period. We obtained clinical, microbiologic and laboratory data from electronic medical records. Propensity-score-matching helped create balanced exposure groups. Demographic characteristics were compared across outcome groups (BSI/no BSI) using two-sample t-test and Chi-Square test for continuous and categorical variables respectively, while immunosuppressive therapy use was compared using McNemar's test. Conditional logistic regression helped assess the association between immunosuppressive therapies and BSIs.
results13,007 patients were originally included, with propensity-score-matching producing a sample of 6,520 patients. 3.74% and 3.97% were diagnosed with clinically significant BSIs in the original and propensity-score-matched populations respectively. COVID-19 patients with BSIs had significantly longer hospitalizations, higher intensive care unit admission and mortality rates compared to those without BSIs. On univariable analysis, combinations of corticosteroids/anakinra [odds-ratio (OR) 2.00, 95% confidence intervals (C.I.) 1.05-3.80, P value.0342] and corticosteroids/tocilizumab [OR 2.13, 95% C.I. 1.16-3.94,
conclusionsCombination immunosuppressive therapies were significantly associated with BSI occurrence in COVID-19 patients; their use warrants increased BSI surveillance. Further studies are needed to establish their causative role.
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