ArticleJournal of immunology research2021
Exosomes Derived from Nerve Stem Cells Loaded with FTY720 Promote the Recovery after Spinal Cord Injury in Rats by PTEN/AKT Signal Pathway.
Article in Journal of immunology research, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 33 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
33 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 43 citations in OpenAlex.
- Therapeutic Effect of Exosomes Derived From Stem Cells in Spinal Cord Injury: A Systematic Review Based on Animal Studies.Frontiers in neurology · 2022Pooled it
- Platelet-rich plasma-primed bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes inhibit neuronal apoptosis and autophagy, and promote nerve regeneration via the miR-29a-3p/PTEN/PI3K/Akt/mTOR axis after spinal cord injury.Journal of molecular histology · 2026Article
- Healthy young human plasma-derived exosomes enhance neural stem cell therapy by suppressing pyroptosis via TXNIP/NLRP3 after intracerebral hemorrhage.Journal of nanobiotechnology · 2026Article
- Exosomes as regenerative therapeutics for spinal cord injury: mechanisms and clinical prospects.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Review
- Role of AQP4 in ameliorating heat stress-induced cellular injury in a cell line model through active heat acclimation.Frontiers in human neuroscience · 2026Article
- Extracellular vesicle-based therapeutic strategies for spinal cord injury.Extracellular vesicles and circulating nucleic acids · 2026Review
- Stem Cell-Derived Extracellular Vesicle-Mediated Therapeutic Signaling in Spinal Cord Injury.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Exosomes-Based Nanotherapeutic Strategies: An Important Approach for Spinal Cord Injury Repair.International journal of nanomedicine · 2025Review
- Exosomes: a promising microenvironment modulator for spinal cord injury treatment.International journal of biological sciences · 2025Review
- Neural stem cell-derived small extracellular vesicles: a new therapy approach in neurological diseases.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Advanced Therapeutic Approaches Based on Small Extracellular Vehicles (sEVs) For the Regeneration of Spinal Cord Injuries.International journal of nanomedicine · 2025Review
- Insights into Astrogliosis, Inflammation Processes, and Emerging Treatments by Exosome Therapy and Low-Level Laser Therapy for Spinal Cord Injury: A Systematic Review.Journal of lasers in medical sciences · 2025Review
- Exosomes as promising bioactive materials in the treatment of spinal cord injury.Stem cell research & therapy · 2024Review
- Safety and potential effects of intrathecal injection of allogeneic human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes in complete subacute spinal cord injury: a first-in-human, single-arm, open-label, phase I clinical trial.Stem cell research & therapy · 2024Article
- Signaling pathways activated and regulated by stem cell-derived exosome therapy.Cell & bioscience · 2024Review
- Exosomes as therapeutic and drug delivery vehicle for neurodegenerative diseases.Journal of nanobiotechnology · 2024Review
- Mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes as a new drug carrier for the treatment of spinal cord injury: A review.Chinese journal of traumatology = Zhonghua chuang shang za zhi · 2024Review
- Advances in extracellular vesicle-based combination therapies for spinal cord injury.Neural regeneration research · 2024Review
- Clinical applications of stem cell-derived exosomes.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2024Review
- Exosome-mediated repair of spinal cord injury: a promising therapeutic strategy.Stem cell research & therapy · 2024Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 5 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundSpinal cord injury (SCI) remains a challenge owing to limited therapies. The exosome of neural stem cells (NSCs-Exos) and FTY720 transplantation could improve SCI effectively. However, the effect and mechanism of NSCs-Exos combined with FTY720 (FTY720-NSCs-Exos) transplantation in the treatment of SCI are not fully understood.
methodsSprague Dawley rats (8-week-old) were used to establish the SCI model, followed by the treatment of NSCs-Exos, FTY720, and FTY720-NSCs-Exos. The effect of FTY720, NSCs-Exos, and FTY720-NSCs-Exos combination treatment on hindlimb function, pathological changes, apoptosis activity, and the expression of spinal edema-related proteins and apoptosis-related proteins in SCI models were investigated by BBB scoring, HE staining, TUNEL staining and immunohistochemistry, and Western blotting. Meanwhile, the effect of these treatments on spinal cord microvascular endothelial cells (SCMECs) was detected under hypoxic circumstance.
resultsOur results found that FTY720-NSCs-Exos could alleviate pathological alterations and ameliorate the hindlimb function and oxygen insufficiency in model mice after SCI. In addition, exosomes could ameliorate the morphology of neurons, reduce inflammatory infiltration and edema, decrease the expression of Bax and AQP-4, upregulate the expression of claudin-5 and Bcl-2, and inhibit cell apoptosis. At the same time,
conclusionFTY720-NSCs-Exos therapy displayed a positive therapeutic effect on SCI by regulating PTEN/AKT pathway and offered a new therapy for SCI.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.