Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34336246›Full record

ArticleCentral European journal of urology2021

Trends in antibiotic resistance for over 700,000 Escherichia coli positive urinary tract infections over six years (2014-2019) from a university teaching hospital.

Andrea Ong, Nitin Mahobia, Dave Browning, Matthew Schembri, Bhaskar K Somani

Open access · greenAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Central European journal of urology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
10citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
2.4field-weighted citation impact, top 11% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

10 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 18 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
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  4. Evidence for antimicrobial stewardship and reduced antimicrobial resistance in the Mid-West of Ireland, 2012 to 2023: findings from a One Health study.Euro surveillance : bulletin Europeen sur les maladies transmissibles = European communicable disease bulletin · 2025
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Andrea OngDepartment of Urology, University Hospital Southampton NHS Trust, Southampton, United Kingdom.
Nitin MahobiaDepartment of Urology, University Hospital Southampton NHS Trust, Southampton, United Kingdom.
Dave BrowningDepartment of Urology, University Hospital Southampton NHS Trust, Southampton, United Kingdom.
Matthew SchembriDepartment of Urology, University Hospital Southampton NHS Trust, Southampton, United Kingdom.
Bhaskar K SomaniDepartment of Urology, University Hospital Southampton NHS Trust, Southampton, United Kingdom.
University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust · GB

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introductionAntibiotic microbial resistance (AMR) is a global health problem. Our aim was to review the resistance of Escherichia (E.coli) to antibiotics at our university hospital over a six-year period and see whether our protocol based antibiotic policy over this time led to any change in the resistance patterns. MATERIAL AND

methodsSensitivities of E.coli urine isolates between 2014-2019 (6-years) were sourced from the hospital and general practitioners in the community and collected from the microbiology department. Trends of resistance for amoxicillin, tazocin, cefalexin, ciprofloxacin, co-amoxiclav, gentamicin, nitrofurantoin, trimethoprim, amikacin, and pivmecillinam were examined using the Cochran-Armitage test.

results712,004 urine samples tested positive for E. coli. The overall resistance trends for cefalexin, nitrofurantoin and amikacin remained equivocal; increased for ciprofloxacin, co-amoxiclav, gentamicin, and tazocin; and decreased for fosfomycin, pivmecillinam, and trimethoprim.

conclusionsDespite our protocol based antibiotic policy, although the overall antibiotic resistance remained stable, there was an increasing trend in antibiotic resistance for more commonly used antibiotics including ciprofloxacin, co-amoxiclav, gentamicin, and tazocin reflecting their overall use for prophylaxis and treatment. We plan to continue our policy of reviewing our antibiotic usage and the prescribing protocol with the microbiology department to minimize antibiotic resistance.

Indexed as

antibiotic microbial resistanceantibiotic resistanceantibioticsE. Colisepsisurinary tract infections

Identifiers

PMID34336246
PMCPMC8318021
OpenAlexW3187938964

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC-SA
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.