ArticlePaediatrics & child health2021
Extreme heat and paediatric emergency department visits in Southwestern Ontario.
Article in Paediatrics & child health, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 23 citations in OpenAlex.
- Climate change health impacts on children in Canada: a systematic review.BMJ paediatrics open · 2026Pooled it
- Article
- Extreme heat and risk of pediatric emergency department visits: a time-stratified time-series analysis.Pediatric research · 2026Article
- Extreme heat and pediatric health in a warming world: a space-time stratified case-crossover investigation in Ontario, Canada.Environmental health : a global access science source · 2025Article
- Effect Modification of Heat-Related Mortality Risk by Air Pollutants in Shandong, China.The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene · 2024Article
- Climate crisis risks to elderly health: strategies for effective promotion and response.Health promotion international · 2024Review
- Planetary health: an imperative for pediatric radiology.Pediatric radiology · 2024Review
- Warm-season temperatures and emergency department visits among children with health insurance.Environmental research, health : ERH · 2023Article
- Emergency Department Visits for Heat-Related Emergency Conditions in the United States from 2008-2020.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Article
- Association of ambient extreme heat with pediatric morbidity: a scoping review.International journal of biometeorology · 2022Article
- Chronic Conditions and Pediatric Healthcare Utilization during Warm Weather Days in New York City.The journal of applied research on children : informing policy for children at risk · 2021Article
- Impact of extreme heat and heatwaves on children's health: A scoping review.The journal of climate change and healthReview
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveThe risk of adverse health events is expected to increase with hotter temperatures, particularly among the most vulnerable groups such as elderly persons and children. The objective of this study was to assess the association between extreme heat and daily emergency department visits among children (0 to 17 years) in Southwestern Ontario.
methodsWe examined the average maximum temperature, relative humidity, and daily paediatric emergency department visits in June through August of 2002 to 2019. We reviewed emergency department visits from two academic hospitals. Daily meteorological data from the local weather station were obtained from Environment and Climate Change Canada.
resultsExtreme heat, defined as the 99th percentile of the maximum temperature distribution, occurred at 33.1°C and was associated with an overall 22% increase in emergency department visits, compared to the reference temperature of 21°C. This association was mostly found between the second and fifth day after the exposure, suggesting a slightly delayed effect. The results of the sub-group analysis indicate that the risk of an emergency department visit due to infectious disease increases by 35% and the most pronounced association was noted in children aged 1 to 12 years.
conclusionsExtreme heat is associated with an increased incidence of emergency department visits in children. As temperatures continue to increase, strategies to mitigate heat-related health risks among children should be developed.
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Registered trials
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