ReviewEvidence-based complementary and alternative medicine : eCAM2021
Efficacy and Safety of Butorphanol Use in Patient-Controlled Analgesia: A Meta-Analysis.
Review in Evidence-based complementary and alternative medicine : eCAM, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 13 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed.
- Butorphanol Tartrate Nasal Spray for Post-Cesarean Analgesia and Prolactin Secretion.Medical science monitor : international medical journal of experimental and clinical research · 2025Trial
- Effects of Different Doses of Butorphanol on Perioperative Analgesia, Recovery, and Immune Function in Patients Undergoing Cytoreductive Surgery for Ovarian Cancer: A Randomized Controlled Trial.Drug design, development and therapy · 2025Trial
- Efficacy of Intravenous Butorphanol for Preventing Epidural-Related Maternal Fever (ERMF) During Epidural Labor Analgesia: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial.Drug design, development and therapy · 2025Trial
- Effectiveness of Butorphanol in alleviating intra- and post-operative visceral pain following microwave ablation for hepatic tumor: a dual-central, randomized, controlled trial.Scientific reports · 2024Trial
- Trial
- Effects of Intravenous Bolus Injection of Fentanyl on Phrenic Nerve Activity and Its Response to Hypoxia and Hypercapnia.Journal of pharmacy and pharmacology research · 2026Article
- Effect of quadratus lumborum block combined with butorphanol-based PCIA on postoperative analgesia and early recovery in patients undergoing colorectal cancer surgery.American journal of translational research · 2025Article
- Impact of butorphanol versus sufentanil on postoperative cognition and inflammation in elderly: a pilot study.Frontiers in aging neuroscience · 2024Article
- EDFrontiers in medicine · 2024Article
- Exploring the Effect of Pain Sensitive Questionnaire on Guiding Intravenous Analgesia After Cesarean Section: A Randomised Double Blind Controlled Trial.Journal of pain research · 2023Article
- Analgesic and Sedative Effects of Different Doses of Dexmedetomidine Combined with Butorphanol in Continuous Analgesia after a Cesarean Section.Frontiers in surgery · 2022Article
- Butorphanol Suppresses the Proliferation and Migration of Osteosarcoma by Promoting the Expression of piRNA hsa_piR_006613.Frontiers in oncology · 2022Article
- Corrigendum to "Efficacy and Safety of Butorphanol Use in Patient-Controlled Analgesia: A Meta-Analysis".Evidence-based complementary and alternative medicine : eCAM · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveThis meta-analysis evaluates the efficacy and safety regarding usage of butorphanol in patient-controlled analgesia (PCA).
methodsSeveral databases such as PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, CNKI, and VIP were explored with the help of computer search and manual retrieval. Randomized controlled trial (RCT) was selected, and the meta-analysis was conducted using RevMan 5.1. The primary efficacy endpoint was the postoperative visual analog scale score, postoperative Ramsay sedation scale (RSS), and adverse events.
resultsNine RCTs met the inclusion criteria and were included in this meta-analysis. No significant differences were found between the butorphanol group and nonbutorphanol group at 12 h and 48 h. The postoperative RSS score at 12 h, 24 h, and 48 h was representative of the calming effect of butorphanol. No significant difference was found on the endpoint of the postoperative RSS score at 12 h, 48 h, and 24 h. The RSS score was lower in the butorphanol group in comparison to the nonbutorphanol group. The butorphanol group was also associated with lower rate of nausea, vomiting, itching, and dizziness compared to the nonbutorphanol group.
conclusionButorphanol may be used in PCA as a successful postoperative analgesia and is also associated with lower side effects. Further research is needed to verify the efficacy and safety of butorphanol.
Identifiers
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.