ArticleFrontiers in immunology2021
Association of Circulating Follicular Helper T Cells and Serum CXCL13 With Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorders.
Article in Frontiers in immunology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 19 citations in OpenAlex.
- Elucidating the Causal Relationships Between B Cells, Dendritic Cells, and Multiple Sclerosis Pathogenesis.Brain and behavior · 2026Article
- The landscape of cellular immune alteration in systemic lupus erythematosus.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Microglial PD-1/PD-L1 axis in CNS demyelinating diseases: a dual immunoregulatory perspective.Frontiers in cellular neuroscience · 2026Review
- Cuproptosis Signature Would Reveal the Acute-Remitting Pattern in Patients with Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2025Article
- Peripheral blood immune inflammatory markers in neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders.Frontiers in neurology · 2025Review
- Dysregulated Tfh/B cells and their interactions in neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- The Different Immune Response Between Onset and Remission of AQP4 Antibody-Positive Optic Neuritis Based on RNA Sequencing of Whole Blood.Journal of inflammation research · 2025Article
- GV-971 attenuates the progression of neuromyelitis optica in murine models and reverses alterations in gut microbiota and associated peripheral abnormalities.CNS neuroscience & therapeutics · 2024Article
- Correlation of GABABrain and behavior · 2024Article
- Mendelian Randomization Analysis of Circulating Cytokines and Risk of Autoimmune Neuroinflammatory Diseases.ImmunoTargets and therapy · 2024Article
- Soluble biomarkers for Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorders: a mini review.Frontiers in neurology · 2024Review
- Emerging imaging and liquid biomarkers in multiple sclerosis.European journal of immunology · 2023Review
- The imbalance between Bregs, Tfh, and Tregs in patients with anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor encephalitis.Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology · 2023Article
- Review
- Gut Microbiome and Bile Acid Metabolism Induced the Activation of CXCR5+ CD4+ T Follicular Helper Cells to Participate in Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder Recurrence.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Article
- Crosstalk between dendritic cells and regulatory T cells: Protective effect and therapeutic potential in multiple sclerosis.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Review
- Association of Platelet Desialylation and Circulating Follicular Helper T Cells in Patients With Thrombocytopenia.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Article
- Impact of Intravenous Immunoglobulin on Neuroinflammation Markers in Patients With Electrical Status Epilepticus During Slow Sleep.In vivo (Athens, Greece)Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background: Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMOSDs) are severe inflammatory diseases mediated mainly by humoral and cellular immunity. Circulating follicular helper T (Tfh) cells are thought to be involved in the pathogenesis of NMOSD, and serum C-X-C motif ligand 13 (CXCL13) levels reflect the effects of Tfh cells on B-cell-mediated humoral immunity. Immune cell and cytokine changes during the dynamic relapsing and remitting processes in NMOSD require further exploration. Patients and methods: Blood samples were collected from 36 patients in acute and recovery phases of NMOSD, 20 patients with other noninflammatory neurological diseases (ONND) and 20 age- and sex-matched healthy volunteers. CD4+CXCR5+PD-1+ Tfh cells were detected by flow cytometry, and serum CXCL13 levels were assessed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Results: The percentage of CD4+CXCR5+PD-1+ Tfh cells was significantly higher during the acute phase than during the recovery phase, and serum CXCL13 levels were significantly higher in patients in the acute and recovery phases of NMOSD than in the ONND and control groups. The Tfh cell percentage was positively correlated with CXCL13 levels, and both were positively correlated with Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) scores and cerebrospinal fluid protein levels in patients with acute NMOSD. Conclusion: Circulating Tfh cells level has the potential to be a biomarker of disease severity.
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