Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34335134›Full record

ArticleAdvanced functional materials2021

Induction of 4D spatiotemporal geometric transformations in high cell density tissues via shape changing hydrogels.

Yu Bin Lee, Oju Jeon, Sang Jin Lee, Aixiang Ding, Derrick Wells, Eben Alsberg

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Advanced functional materials, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 30 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
30citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

30 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Smart Bioinks for 4D Bioprinting: Requirements, Design, and Applications.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026
    Review
  2. Discrete 2D Material Programming for 3D Shaping and Morphogenesis-Inspired 4D Bioprinting.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026
    Article
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  18. Synthetic living materials in cancer biology.Nature reviews bioengineering · 2023
    Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Yu Bin LeeDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, IL 60612, USA.
Oju JeonDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, IL 60612, USA.
Sang Jin LeeDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, IL 60612, USA.
Aixiang DingDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, IL 60612, USA.
Derrick WellsDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, IL 60612, USA.
Eben AlsbergDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, IL 60612, USA.

Funding

High-Throughput Microenvironment Regulation for ChondrogenesisR01AR066193 · NIAMS · UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS AT CHICAGO · PI ALSBERG, EBEN, KHADEMHOSSEINI, ALI · 2015 to 2020
$2.1M
Engineering a Self-assembled, multi-tissue Tracheal ReplacementR01EB023907 · NIBIB · UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS AT CHICAGO · PI ALSBERG, EBEN, ROLLE, MARSHA W · 2017 to 2020
$1.9M
Opposing RNAi Molecule Gradient Constructs to Repair Osteochondral DefectsR01AR069564 · NIAMS · UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS AT CHICAGO · PI ALSBERG, EBEN · 2016 to 2021
$1.8M
NIAMS NIH HHS R01 AR066193NIAMS NIH HHS R01 AR069564NIBIB NIH HHS R01 EB023907
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Developing and healing tissues begin as a cellular condensation. Spatiotemporal changes in tissue geometry, transformations in the spatial distribution of the cells and extracellular matrix, are essential for its evolution into a functional tissue. 4D materials, 3D materials capable of geometric changes, may have the potential to recreate the aforementioned biological phenomenon. However, most reported 4D materials are non-degradable and/or not biocompatible, which limits their application in regenerative medicine, and to date there are no systems controlling the geometry of high density cellular condensations and differentiation. Here, we describe 4D high cell density tissues based on shape-changing hydrogels. By sequential photocrosslinking of oxidized and methacrylated alginate (OMA) and methacrylated gelatin (GelMA), bi-layered hydrogels presenting controllable geometric changes without any external stimuli were fabricated. Fibroblasts and human adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) were incorporated at concentrations up to 1.0 × 10

Indexed as

4D materialBioprintingHigh cell density constructStem cell

Identifiers

PMID34335134
PMCPMC8323845

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.