ArticleEye and brain2021
Retinal Microvasculature in Schizophrenia.
Article in Eye and brain, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 27 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
27 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 46 citations in OpenAlex.
- Neuroretinal Alterations in Schizophrenia and Bipolar Disorder: An Updated Meta-analysis.Schizophrenia bulletin · 2024Pooled it
- Retina as a potential biomarker in schizophrenia spectrum disorders: a systematic review and meta-analysis of optical coherence tomography and electroretinography.Molecular psychiatry · 2024Pooled it
- Choroidal Vascularity Index in Schizophrenia Compared to Healthy Subjects: A Cross-Sectional Study.Health science reports · 2026Article
- Screening for Cognitive Decline in Psychotic Disorders in Midlife: Examining Scoring the Clinical Dementia Rating Using Longitudinal Data.Schizophrenia bulletin · 2026Article
- The Retinal Age Gap as a Marker of Accelerated Aging in the Early Course of Schizophrenia.Schizophrenia bulletin · 2026Article
- Retinal Vasculature in Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorder.Bioengineering (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Exploration of the Value of Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) and OCT Angiography in Differentiating Between Major Depressive Disorder and Borderline Personality Disorder.International journal of methods in psychiatric research · 2025Article
- Machine learning algorithms and artificial neural networks for predicting schizophrenia using orbital parameters.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Retinal biomarkers in schizophrenia spectrum disorders: evidence and implications for the neurodevelopmental and neurodegenerative models.Frontiers in medicine · 2025Review
- Painting psychosis: an empirical investigation of the self-portraits of Edvard Munch.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2025Article
- Genetic susceptibility to schizophrenia through neuroinflammatory pathways associated with retinal thinness.Nature. Mental health · 2025Article
- A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Arterial Spin Labeling Magnetic Resonance Imaging Studies in Psychosis Spectrum Disorders.Noro psikiyatri arsivi · 2025Review
- Retinal electrophysiological alterations are associated with cognition in early course psychosis.Schizophrenia research · 2024Article
- Retinal layers and symptoms and inflammation in schizophrenia.European archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience · 2024Article
- Electroretinographic dysfunction, insulin resistance, and childhood trauma in early-course psychosis: A case-control exploratory study.Biomarkers in neuropsychiatry · 2024Article
- Optical Coherence Tomography in Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.Biological psychiatry global open science · 2024Article
- Association Between Retinal Features From Multimodal Imaging and Schizophrenia.JAMA psychiatry · 2023Article
- Optical coherence tomography reveals retinal thinning in schizophrenia spectrum disorders.European archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience · 2023Article
- Retinal electrophysiology in central nervous system disorders. A review of human and mouse studies.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2023Review
- Single-nucleus RNA sequencing of midbrain blood-brain barrier cells in schizophrenia reveals subtle transcriptional changes with overall preservation of cellular proportions and phenotypes.Molecular psychiatry · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
purposeSchizophrenia is associated with alterations in neural structure and function of the retina that are similar to changes seen in the retina and brain in multiple neurodegenerative disorders. Preliminary evidence suggests that retinal microvasculature may also be compromised in schizophrenia. The goal of this study was to determine, using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA), whether 1) schizophrenia is associated with alterations in retinal microvasculature density; and 2) microvasculature reductions are associated with retinal neural layer thinning and performance on a measure of verbal IQ. PATIENTS AND
methodsTwenty-eight outpatients with schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder and 37 psychiatrically healthy control subjects completed OCT and OCTA exams, and the Wechsler Test of Adult Reading.
resultsSchizophrenia patients were characterized by retinal microvasculature density reductions, and enlarged foveal avascular zones, in both eyes. These microvascular abnormalities were generally associated with thinning of retinal neural (macular and peripapillary nerve fiber layer) tissue (but the data were stronger for the left than the right eye) and lower scores on a proxy measure of verbal IQ. First- and later-episode patients did not differ significantly on OCTA findings.
conclusionThe retinal microvasculature impairments seen in schizophrenia appear to be a biomarker of overall brain health, as is the case for multiple neurological conditions. Additional research is needed, however, to clarify contributions of social disadvantage and medical comorbidities to the findings.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.