ArticleJournal of social and clinical psychology2021
Zoom or In-Person: An Ecological Momentary Assessment Study of Time with Friends and Depressive Symptoms on Affect in Emerging Adults.
Article in Journal of social and clinical psychology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.
What it found
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Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed, 11 citations in OpenAlex.
- Tracking everyday emotional experiences in university students with the distinct mood assessment questionnaire.Current psychology (New Brunswick, N.J.) · 2026Article
- Differential effects of received social support and mental health symptomology on affect in adults: an Ecological Momentary Assessment study.BMC psychiatry · 2025Article
- Temporal Dynamics of Positive and Negative Affect in Adolescents: Associations with Depressive Disorders and Risk.Journal of mood and anxiety disorders · 2024Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
introductionDepression is associated with increased negative affect (NA) and low positive affect (PA), as well as interpersonal difficulties. Although most studies examine symptoms and affect at only one time point, ecological momentary assessment (EMA) captures data on affect and activity in real time and across contexts. The present study used EMA to explore the links between in-person and virtual social interactions, depressive symptoms, and momentary affect.
methodsEmerging adults (
resultsIn-person, but not virtual, presence of friends was associated with increased PA overall. Depressive symptoms were linked to less time with in-person friends and elevated NA. There was also a significant interaction between in-person presence of friends and dysphoria in predicting NA, such that presence of in-person friends was associated with lower NA only for those low in dysphoria. DISCUSSION: Findings suggest that time with in-person friends is associated with increased PA overall and decreased NA only for those lower in depressive symptoms, but these effects do not generalize to virtual interactions. Those with greater depressive symptoms may be less responsive to positive stimuli and experience less of an effect of friends' presence on affect. Alternatively, maladaptive social behaviors characteristic of depression may influence the effect of social interactions on affect.
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Registered trials
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