SynthesisEuropean journal of trauma and emergency surgery : official publication of the European Trauma Society2022
Efficacy of tracheal tube introducers and stylets for endotracheal intubation in the prehospital setting: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Synthesis in European journal of trauma and emergency surgery : official publication of the European Trauma Society, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 18 citations in OpenAlex.
- Safer prehospital anaesthesia: updated guidelines from the Association of Anaesthetists.Anaesthesia · 2026Guideline
- Efficacy of endotracheal intubation in helicopter cabin vs. ground: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Scandinavian journal of trauma, resuscitation and emergency medicine · 2024Pooled it
- Seeing is not enough: why introducer choice matters in hyperangulated videolaryngoscopy.Annals of translational medicine · 2026Article
- Article
- Airway management analysis in the rescue environment of the emergency service Zug: a retrospective real-world evaluation.Scandinavian journal of trauma, resuscitation and emergency medicine · 2025Observational
- Intubating Stylets in the Emergency Department: A Video Review of First-pass Success and Time.The western journal of emergency medicine · 2025Observational
- Confined space airway management: a narrative review.Scandinavian journal of trauma, resuscitation and emergency medicine · 2025Review
- Ease of intubation using oral Microcuff RAE (Ring-Adair-Elwyn) tube with and without premounted Frova intubating introducer in children undergoing cleft lip and palate surgeries - A randomised controlled study.Indian journal of anaesthesia · 2025Article
- A dual analysis of bougie and stylet development trend and impact of Chinese regulations on medical devices innovation.American journal of translational research · 2024Review
- Development of endotracheal intubation devices for patients with tumors.American journal of cancer research · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
purposeTracheal tube introducers and stylets remain some of the most widely used devices for aiding practitioners in performing endotracheal intubation (ETI). The purpose of this systematic review is to evaluate the efficacy of tracheal tube introducers and stylets for ETI in the prehospital setting.
methodsA literature search was conducted on the 2nd of March 2021 across PubMed, Embase (Ovid) and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) to identify relevant studies. Included studies had their data extracted and both a quality assessment and statistical analysis were performed.
resultsThe summary estimate of prehospital studies with video technology showed a statistically significant increase in first pass ETI success in favour of bougies (RR 1.15, CI 1.10-1.21, p < 0.0001). The summary estimates of prehospital studies without video technology and simulation studies with and without video technology showed no statistical difference between methods for first pass or overall ETI success. Some of the highest success rates were recorded by devices that incorporated video technology. Stylets lead to a shorter time to ETI while bougies were easier to use. Neither device was associated with a higher rate of ETI complications than the other.
conclusionBoth tracheal tube introducers and stylets function as efficacious aids to intubation in the prehospital environment. Where video technology is available, bougies could offer a statistically significant advantage in terms of first pass ETI success. Where video technology is unavailable, a combination of clinical scenario, practitioner expertise and personal preference might ultimately guide the choice of device.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.