Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34332640›Full record

ArticleScandinavian journal of trauma, resuscitation and emergency medicine2021

Evaluating a training intervention for improving alignment between emergency medical telephone operators and callers: a pilot study of communication behaviours.

Jennifer Gerwing, Jon Erik Steen-Hansen, Trond Mjaaland, Bård Fossli Jensen, Olav Eielsen, Owen Matthew Truscott Thomas, Pål Gulbrandsen

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Scandinavian journal of trauma, resuscitation and emergency medicine, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
9citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

9 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Multi-method approach to the development of contextual telephone triage systems.African journal of emergency medicine : Revue africaine de la medecine d'urgence · 2026
    Article
  2. The competency requirements for emergency medical services call takers and dispatchers - a scoping review.African journal of emergency medicine : Revue africaine de la medecine d'urgence · 2026
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Jennifer GerwingHealth Services Research Unit, Akershus University Hospital, Sykehusveien 25, 1478, Lørenskog, Norway. jennifer.gerwing@gmail.com.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6211-8723
Jon Erik Steen-HansenDivision of Prehospital Care, Vestfold Hospital Trust, Box 2168, NO-3103, Tønsberg, Norway.
Trond MjaalandSomsagt AS, Forskningsparken / Oslo Science Park, Gaustadalleen 21, 0349, Oslo, Norway.
Bård Fossli JensenSomsagt AS, Forskningsparken / Oslo Science Park, Gaustadalleen 21, 0349, Oslo, Norway.
Olav EielsenNorSahel, Fjonevegen 72, 3855, Treungen, Norway.
Owen Matthew Truscott ThomasHealth Services Research Unit, Akershus University Hospital, Sykehusveien 25, 1478, Lørenskog, Norway.
Pål GulbrandsenHealth Services Research Unit, Akershus University Hospital, Sykehusveien 25, 1478, Lørenskog, Norway.

Funding

Norges Forskningsråd 298420
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundCalls to emergency medical lines are an essential component in the chain of survival. Operators make critical decisions based on information they elicit from callers. Although smooth cooperation is necessary, the field lacks evidence-based guidelines for how to achieve it while adhering to strict parameters of index-driven questioning. We aimed to evaluate the effect of a training intervention for emergency medical operators at a call centre in Tønsberg, Norway. The course was designed to enhance operators' communication skills for smoothing cooperation with callers.

methodsCalls were analyzed using inductively developed coding based on the course rationale and content. To evaluate whether the course generated consolidated behavioral change in everyday practice, the independent analyst evaluated 32 calls, selected randomly from eight operators, two calls before and two after course completion. To measure whether skill attainment delayed decision making, we compared the time to the first decision logged by intervention operators to eight control operators. Analysis included 3034 calls: 1375 to intervention operators (T1 = 815; T2 = 560) and 1659 to control operators (T1 = 683; T2 = 976).

resultsOperators demonstrated improved behaviours on how they greeted the caller (p < .001), acknowledged the caller (p < .001), and displayed empathy (p = 0.015). No change was found in the use of open-ended questions and agreeing with the caller. Contrary to expectations, operators who took the course logged first decisions more quickly than the control group (p < .001).

conclusionsThis pilot study demonstrated that the training intervention generated behavioural change in these operators, providing justification for scaling up the intervention.

Indexed as

Emergency Medical Service Communication SystemsEmergency Medical ServicesCommunicationEmergency Service, HospitalHumansPilot ProjectsTelephoneCommunicationCommunication trainingEmergency callsEmergency medical communication CentreEmergency medical services dispatchEmpathyNorway

Identifiers

PMID34332640
PMCPMC8325801

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.