Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34332532›Full record

ArticleBMC gastroenterology2021

Increasing incidence of non-HBV- and non-HCV-related hepatocellular carcinoma: single-institution 20-year study.

Yuko Nagaoki, Hideyuki Hyogo, Yuwa Ando, Yumi Kosaka, Shinsuke Uchikawa, Yuno Nishida, Yuji Teraoka, Kei Morio, Hatsue Fujino, Atsushi Ono and 12 more

Open access · goldAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in BMC gastroenterology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 23 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
23citing papers in PubMed
4.4field-weighted citation impact, top 5% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

23 citing papers in PubMed, 34 citations in OpenAlex.

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  3. MASLD Is Associated With Decreased General Health Perception, Quality of Life and Work Productivity in a Low Fibrosis Population.Liver international : official journal of the International Association for the Study of the Liver · 2026
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  10. Identification of risk groups for advanced liver fibrosis in the general population using the Fibrosis-3 index.JGH open : an open access journal of gastroenterology and hepatology · 2024
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

22 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Yuko NagaokiDepartment of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Science, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, 734-8551, Japan.
Hideyuki HyogoDepartment of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Science, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, 734-8551, Japan.
Yuwa AndoDepartment of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Science, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, 734-8551, Japan.
Yumi KosakaDepartment of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Science, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, 734-8551, Japan.
Shinsuke UchikawaDepartment of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Science, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, 734-8551, Japan.
Yuno NishidaDepartment of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Science, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, 734-8551, Japan.
Yuji TeraokaDepartment of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Science, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, 734-8551, Japan.
Kei MorioDepartment of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Science, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, 734-8551, Japan.
Hatsue FujinoDepartment of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Science, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, 734-8551, Japan.
Atsushi OnoDepartment of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Science, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, 734-8551, Japan.
Takashi NakaharaDepartment of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Science, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, 734-8551, Japan.
Eisuke MurakamiDepartment of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Science, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, 734-8551, Japan.
Masami YamauchiDepartment of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Science, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, 734-8551, Japan.
Wataru OkamotoCancer Treatment Center, Hiroshima University Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan.
Tomokazu KawaokaDepartment of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Science, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, 734-8551, Japan.
Masataka TsugeResearch Center for Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan.
Akira HiramatsuDepartment of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Science, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, 734-8551, Japan.
Daiki MikiDepartment of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Science, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, 734-8551, Japan.
Michio ImamuraDepartment of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Science, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, 734-8551, Japan.
Shoichi TakahashiDepartment of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Science, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, 734-8551, Japan.
Kazuaki ChayamaResearch Center for Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan.
Hiroshi AikataDepartment of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Science, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, 734-8551, Japan. aikata@hiroshima-u.ac.jp.
Hiroshima University · JPHiroshima University Hospital · JP

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundWe previously reported on the trends in the etiologies of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) diagnosed in patients between 1995 and 2009. The aims of our updated study were to evaluate the incidence, nonhepatitis B and nonhepatitis C viral (NBNC) etiologies, and clinical characteristics of HCCs occurring in patients between 1992 and 2018.

methodsThe study enrolled 2171 consecutive patients with HCC between 1992 and 2018. Their medical records were reviewed. The patients were divided into two groups, patients with early diagnoses from 1992 to 2009 and those with late diagnoses from 2010 to 2018.

resultsNBNC-HCC occurred in 514 patients (23.6%). The percentage of patients with HCC who had NBNC-HCC increased from 26.5% in 2009 to 46.3% in 2018. Patients with NBNC-HCC were older (median ages from 67 to 73 years). Type 2 diabetes mellitus (48.5-60.3%: P = 0.008), hypertension (48.5-57.4%: P = 0.047), and hyperlipidemia (39.2-53.8%: P = 0.001) increased significantly in recent years. The median FIB-4 index decreased (4.37-3.61: P = 0.026) and the median platelet count increased (15.1-17.9 × 10

conclusionsThe prevalence of NBNC-HCC has increased rapidly even in a regional university hospital. Metabolic syndrome may be an important risk factor for HCC. HCC was also found in patients with non-cirrhotic livers. The FIB-4 index may be a useful screening method for HCC in patients with NBNC.

Indexed as

Carcinoma, HepatocellularDiabetes Mellitus, Type 2Liver NeoplasmsAgedHumansIncidenceLiver CirrhosisCryptogenicHCCNASHNBNC-HCC

Identifiers

PMID34332532
PMCPMC8325833
OpenAlexW3192168462

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.