ArticleComplementary therapies in clinical practice2021
Feasibility, acceptability, and potential effectiveness of an online expressive writing intervention for COVID-19 resilience.
Article in Complementary therapies in clinical practice, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT04589104 (Expressive Writing for COVID-19 Resilience), which is not on this map. Cited by 10 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Expressive Writing for COVID-19 Resilience
Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed.
- The trajectories of bioelectrical impedance analysis-derived raw variables (phase angle and impedance ratio) in healthy Italian children and adolescents: a retrospective observational study.European journal of pediatrics · 2026Observational
- Writing the Past, Present, and Future: The Impact of Positive Psychology Expressive Writing on Adolescents' Time Attitudes.Behavioral sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Lessons learned from virtual arts-based resilience workshops for military healthcare providers: a community case study.Frontiers in psychology · 2026Article
- Effectiveness of Blog Writing Intervention for Promoting Subjective Well-Being, Resilience, and Post-Traumatic Growth of Palliative Care Nurses.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Loss, adaptation and growth: The experiences of creative arts therapists during the Covid-19 pandemic.The Arts in psychotherapy · 2023Article
- User-Chatbot Conversations During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Study Based on Topic Modeling and Sentiment Analysis.Journal of medical Internet research · 2023Article
- Resilience and Wellbeing Strategies for Pandemic Fatigue in Times of Covid-19.International journal of applied positive psychology · 2023Review
- Storytelling of Young Adults with Chronic Rheumatologic Illnesses: A Pilot Study.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Effectiveness of online expressive writing in reducing psychological distress among the asymptomatic COVID-19 patients in Fangcang Hospitals: A quasi-experiment study.Frontiers in psychology · 2022Article
- Research on Expressive Writing in Psychology: A Forty-year Bibliometric Analysis and Visualization of Current Status and Research Trends.Frontiers in psychology · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
BACKGROUND & PURPOSE: The COVID-19 pandemic has negatively impacted mental health in the general population. In this trial, our objective was to assess whether a 6-week expressive writing intervention improves resilience in a sample from the general population in the midst of the COVID-19 pandemic. MATERIALS &
methodsThis 6-week trial was conducted online. Eligible participants (n=63) were a sample of adults who self-identified as having been significantly affected by the COVID-19 pandemic. PRIMARY OUTCOME: Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC). SECONDARY OUTCOMES: Perceived Stress Scale - 10-Item (PSS-10); Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale - Revised (CESD-R); Post-Traumatic Growth Inventory (PTGI).
resultsResilience measures (CD-RISC) increased from baseline (66.6 ± 14.9) to immediately post-intervention (73.0 ± 12.4; p=0.014; Cohen's d =0.31), and at a 1- month follow-up (72.9 ± 13.6; p=0.024; Cohen's d =0.28). Across the same timepoints, perceived stress scores (PSS-10) decreased from baseline (21.8 ± 6.6) to immediately post-intervention (18.3 ± 7.0; p=0.008; Cohen's d =0.41), and at the 1- month follow-up to (16.8 ± 6.7; p=0.0002; Cohen's d =0.56). Depression symptoms (CESD-R) decreased from baseline (23.3 ± 15.3) at 6 weeks (17.8 ± 15.4; p=0.058; Cohen's d =0.22), and 10 weeks (15.5 ± 12.7; p=0.004; Cohen's d =0.38). Posttraumatic growth (PTGI) increased from baseline (41.7 ± 23.4) at 6 weeks (55.8 ± 26.4; p=0.004; Cohen's d =0.44), and at the 1-month follow-up (55.9 ± 29.3; p=0.008; Cohen's d =0.49).
conclusionAn online expressive writing intervention was effective at improving resilience in the midst of the COVID-19 pandemic. NCT#: NCT04589104.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.