Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34331968›Full record

ArticleJournal of hepatology2021

T cells protect against hepatitis A virus infection and limit infection-induced liver injury.

Ichiro Misumi, Joseph E Mitchell, Makayla M Lund, John M Cullen, Stanley M Lemon, Jason K Whitmire

Open access · hybridAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of hepatology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 25 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
25citing papers in PubMed
2.5field-weighted citation impact, top 9% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

25 citing papers in PubMed, 32 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Advances and perspectives in animal models of human hepatitis A virus.Animal models and experimental medicine · 2026
    Review
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. An engineered human hepatitis A virus capable of rapid proliferationJHEP reports : innovation in hepatology · 2025
    Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. The Modulatory Effects of Statins, Vitamin E, and Moringa Oleifera Extract on CD3 Expression in Ribociclib-Induced Hepatotoxicity in Rats.Acta informatica medica : AIM : journal of the Society for Medical Informatics of Bosnia & Herzegovina : casopis Drustva za medicinsku informatiku BiH · 2025
    Article
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Hepatitis A virus infection.Nature reviews. Disease primers · 2023
    Review
  17. Review
  18. Article
  19. Hepatitis A: Viral Structure, Classification, Life Cycle, Clinical Symptoms, Diagnosis Error, and Vaccination.The Canadian journal of infectious diseases & medical microbiology = Journal canadien des maladies infectieuses et de la microbiologie medicale · 2023
    Review
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Ichiro MisumiDepartment of Genetics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; Department of Microbiology & Immunology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA. Electronic address: imisumi@email.unc.edu.
Joseph E MitchellDepartment of Genetics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; Department of Microbiology & Immunology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA.
Makayla M LundDepartment of Genetics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA.
John M CullenDepartment of Population Health and Pathobiology, North Carolina State University College of Veterinary Medicine, Raleigh, NC 27607, USA.
Stanley M LemonDepartment of Microbiology & Immunology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA.
Jason K WhitmireDepartment of Genetics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; Department of Microbiology & Immunology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA. Electronic address: jwhitmir@email.unc.edu.
University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill · USNorth Carolina State University · US

Funding

Virology Research Program (Program 4)P30CA016086 · NCI · UNIV OF NORTH CAROLINA CHAPEL HILL · PI David Darr · 1985 to 2026
$201.5M
Virology, Immunology, and Microbiology CoreP30AI050410 · NIAID · UNIV OF NORTH CAROLINA CHAPEL HILL · PI DAVID M. MARGOLIS · 2001 to 2026
$76.9M
Membrane Hijacking: Biogenesis and Fate of Quasi-Enveloped HepatovirusR01AI103083 · NIAID · UNIV OF NORTH CAROLINA CHAPEL HILL · PI LEMON, STANLEY M. · 2012 to 2021
$4.0M
Critical Lipid Species in the Hepatovirus LifecycleR01AI150095 · NIAID · UNIV OF NORTH CAROLINA CHAPEL HILL · PI LEMON, STANLEY M. · 2020 to 2024
$2.6M
Regulation of CD8+ T cell responses to chronic virus infectionR01AI143894 · NIAID · UNIV OF NORTH CAROLINA CHAPEL HILL · PI WHITMIRE, JASON KYLE · 2019 to 2023
$2.5M
Obesity associated viral pathogenesisR01AI138337 · NIAID · UNIV OF NORTH CAROLINA CHAPEL HILL · PI WHITMIRE, JASON KYLE · 2018 to 2022
$1.9M
Murine Model of Human Hepatitis AR01AI131685 · NIAID · UNIV OF NORTH CAROLINA CHAPEL HILL · PI LEMON, STANLEY M., WHITMIRE, JASON KYLE · 2017 to 2021
$1.9M
NCI NIH HHS P30 CA016086NIAID NIH HHS P30 AI050410NIAID NIH HHS R01 AI103083NIAID NIH HHS R01 AI131685NIAID NIH HHS R01 AI138337NIAID NIH HHS R01 AI143894NIAID NIH HHS R01 AI150095
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

BACKGROUND &

aimsHepatitis A virus (HAV) is a common cause of enterically transmitted viral hepatitis. In non-immune individuals, infection results in typically transient but occasionally fulminant and fatal inflammatory liver injury. Virus-specific T cell frequencies peak when liver damage is at its zenith, leading to the prevalent notion that T cells exacerbate liver disease, as suspected for other hepatotropic virus infections. However, the overall contribution of T cells to the control of HAV and the pathogenesis of hepatitis A is unclear and has been impeded by a historic lack of small animal models.

methodsIfnar1

resultsA large population of virus-specific T cells accumulated within the livers of Ifnar1

conclusionThese data show that T cells protect against HAV-mediated liver injury and can be targeted to improve liver health. LAY SUMMARY: Hepatitis A virus is a leading cause of acute viral hepatitis worldwide. T cells were thought to contribute to liver injury during acute infection. We now show that virus-specific T cells protect against infection and limit liver injury.

Indexed as

Analysis of VarianceAnimalsDisease Models, AnimalHepatitis AHepatitis A virusLiver DiseasesMiceNorth CarolinaStatistics, NonparametricT-LymphocytesHepatitis A Virusliver infectionliver pathogenesismiceT cellsT cell vaccinetype-1 interferons

Identifiers

PMID34331968
PMCPMC8604763
OpenAlexW3185222484

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.