Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34331868›Full record

ArticleDevelopmental cell2021

Enhancer decommissioning imposes an epigenetic barrier to sensory hair cell regeneration.

Litao Tao, Haoze V Yu, Juan Llamas, Talon Trecek, Xizi Wang, Zlatka Stojanova, Andrew K Groves, Neil Segil

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Developmental cell, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 45 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
45citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

45 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Review
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Review
  7. Review
  8. Article
  9. Retinoic acid receptor assembly dynamics governs dual functions in cochlear organogenesis.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025
    Article
  10. Modes of Notch signalling in development and disease.Nature reviews. Molecular cell biology · 2025
    Review
  11. Review
  12. The Hippo pathway and p27Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025
    Article
  13. Article
  14. PKM2 controls cochlear development through lactate-dependent transcriptional regulation.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025
    Article
  15. Article
  16. Long-rangeProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2024
    Article
  17. Review
  18. AAV-mediated Gene Cocktails Enhance Supporting Cell Reprogramming and Hair Cell Regeneration.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2024
    Article
  19. Article
  20. Revisiting the Potency of Tbx2 Expression in Transforming Outer Hair Cells into Inner Hair Cells at Multiple Ages In Vivo.The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience · 2024
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Litao TaoDepartment of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Eli and Edythe Broad Center for Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Biology at USC, 1425 San Pablo Street, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA; Caruso Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, 1450 San Pablo Street, Suite 5100, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA.
Haoze V YuDepartment of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Eli and Edythe Broad Center for Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Biology at USC, 1425 San Pablo Street, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA.
Juan LlamasDepartment of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Eli and Edythe Broad Center for Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Biology at USC, 1425 San Pablo Street, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA; Caruso Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, 1450 San Pablo Street, Suite 5100, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA.
Talon TrecekDepartment of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Eli and Edythe Broad Center for Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Biology at USC, 1425 San Pablo Street, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA.
Xizi WangDepartment of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Eli and Edythe Broad Center for Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Biology at USC, 1425 San Pablo Street, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA.
Zlatka StojanovaDepartment of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Eli and Edythe Broad Center for Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Biology at USC, 1425 San Pablo Street, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA.
Andrew K GrovesDepartment of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, 1 Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Department of Neuroscience, Baylor College of Medicine, 1 Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
Neil SegilDepartment of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Eli and Edythe Broad Center for Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Biology at USC, 1425 San Pablo Street, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA; Caruso Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, 1450 San Pablo Street, Suite 5100, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA. Electronic address: nsegil@med.usc.edu.

Funding

Enhancing Atoh1 function in hair cell regenerationR01DC014832 · NIDCD · WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY · PI Gabriel Corfas, Andrew K Groves · 2016 to 2026
$6.7M
Training in Hearing & Communication NeuroscienceT32DC009975 · NIDCD · UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA · PI Christopher A Shera · 2009 to 2026
$5.0M
Epigenetic mechanisms underlying the failure of hair cell regeneration in mammalsR01DC015829 · NIDCD · UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA · PI MCMAHON, ANDREW P., OGHALAI, JOHN S · 2018 to 2022
$2.8M
Epigenetic mechanisms triggering differentiation and plasticity in the developing organ of CortiF31DC017376 · NIDCD · UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA · PI TRECEK, TALON ANTHONY · 2019 to 2021
$129k
NIDCD NIH HHS F31 DC017376NIDCD NIH HHS R01 DC014832NIDCD NIH HHS R01 DC015829NIDCD NIH HHS T32 DC009975
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Adult mammalian tissues such as heart, brain, retina, and the sensory structures of the inner ear do not effectively regenerate, although a latent capacity for regeneration exists at embryonic and perinatal times. We explored the epigenetic basis for this latent regenerative potential in the mouse inner ear and its rapid loss during maturation. In perinatal supporting cells, whose fate is maintained by Notch-mediated lateral inhibition, the hair cell enhancer network is epigenetically primed (H3K4me1) but silenced (active H3K27 de-acetylation and trimethylation). Blocking Notch signaling during the perinatal period of plasticity rapidly eliminates epigenetic silencing and allows supporting cells to transdifferentiate into hair cells. Importantly, H3K4me1 priming of the hair cell enhancers in supporting cells is removed during the first post-natal week, coinciding with the loss of transdifferentiation potential. We hypothesize that enhancer decommissioning during cochlear maturation contributes to the failure of hair cell regeneration in the mature organ of Corti.

Indexed as

AnimalsBasic Helix-Loop-Helix ProteinsCell DifferentiationCell TransdifferentiationEpigenesis, GeneticHair Cells, AuditoryMice, TransgenicReceptors, NotchRegenerationRegulatory Sequences, Nucleic AcidBasic Helix-Loop-Helix ProteinsReceptors, NotchATOH1 targetomeenhancer decommissioningepigeneticsH3K4me1inner earmaturationregenerationsensory hair celltransdifferentiation potential

Identifiers

PMID34331868
PMCPMC8650127

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.