Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34331668›Full record

ReviewPain and therapy2021

Peripheral Nerve Stimulation: A Review of Techniques and Clinical Efficacy.

Alan D Kaye, Sasha Ridgell, E Saunders Alpaugh, Aya Mouhaffel, Aaron J Kaye, Elyse M Cornett, Azam A Chami, Rutvij Shah, Bruce M Dixon, Omar Viswanath and 3 more

Open access · goldAbstract readReview
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in Pain and therapy, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 52 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
52citing papers in PubMed, 4 pooled it
11.7field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

52 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 80 citations in OpenAlex.

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  5. Effect of ultrasound-guided acupotomy combined with acupuncture on limb dysfunction in patients with cerebral stroke.Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology · 2025
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

13 authors at 5 institutions in 1 country.

Alan D KayeDepartment of Anesthesiology, LSU Health Shreveport, Shreveport, LA, USA. alan.kaye@lsuhs.edu.
Sasha RidgellDepartment of Anesthesiology, LSU Health Shreveport, Shreveport, LA, USA.
E Saunders AlpaughDepartment of Anesthesiology, LSU HSC New Orleans, New Orleans, LA, USA.
Aya MouhaffelDepartment of Anesthesiology, LSU Health Shreveport, Shreveport, LA, USA.
Aaron J KayeDepartment of Anesthesiology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA.
Elyse M CornettDepartment of Anesthesiology, LSU Health Shreveport, Shreveport, LA, USA.
Azam A ChamiDepartment of Anesthesiology, LSU Health Shreveport, Shreveport, LA, USA.
Rutvij ShahDepartment of Anesthesiology, LSU Health Shreveport, Shreveport, LA, USA.
Bruce M DixonDepartment of Anesthesiology, LSU Health Shreveport, Shreveport, LA, USA.
Omar ViswanathDepartment of Anesthesiology, LSU Health Shreveport, Shreveport, LA, USA.
Ivan UritsDepartment of Anesthesiology, LSU Health Shreveport, Shreveport, LA, USA.
Amber N EdinoffDepartment of Psychiatry and Behavioral Medicine, Louisiana State University Health Science Center Shreveport, Shreveport, LA, USA.
Richard D UrmanDepartment of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center Shreveport · USMedical University of South Carolina · USHarvard University · USLouisiana State University Health Sciences Center New Orleans · USUniversity of Phoenix · US

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Chronic pain is a common source of morbidity in many patient populations worldwide. There are growing concerns about the potential side effects of currently prescribed medications and a continued need for effective treatment. Related to these concerns, peripheral nerve stimulation has been regaining popularity as a potential treatment modality. Peripheral nerve stimulation components include helically coiled electrical leads, which direct an applied current to afferent neurons providing sensory innervation to the painful area. In theory, the applied current to the peripheral nerve will alter the large-diameter myelinated afferent nerve fibers, which interfere with the central processing of pain signals through small-diameter afferent fibers at the level of the spinal cord. Multiple studies have shown success in the use of peripheral nerve stimulation for acute post-surgical pain for orthopedic surgery, including post total knee arthroplasty and anterior cruciate ligament surgery, and chronic knee pain. Many studies have investigated the utility of peripheral nerve stimulation for the management of chronic shoulder pain. Peripheral nerve stimulation also serves as one of the potential non-pharmacologic therapies to treat back pain along with physical therapy, application of transcutaneous electrical neurostimulation unit, radiofrequency ablation, epidural steroid injections, permanently implanted neurostimulators, and surgery. Studies regarding back pain treatment have shown that peripheral nerve stimulation led to significant improvement in all pain and quality-of-life measures and a reduction in the use of opioids. Further studies are needed as the long-term risks and benefits of peripheral nerve stimulation have not been well studied as most information available on the effectiveness of peripheral nerve stimulation is based on shorter-term improvements in chronic pain.

Indexed as

Back painChronic painKnee painOpioid reductionPNSShoulder pain

Identifiers

PMID34331668
PMCPMC8586305
OpenAlexW3185262044

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.