ReviewEuropean journal of applied physiology2021
Evaluation of sex-based differences in airway size and the physiological implications.
Review in European journal of applied physiology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed.
- Exercise-induced bronchodilation is not impacted by beta-adrenergic receptor blockade in males or females.European journal of applied physiology · 2026Trial
- The conducting airways before and after gender-affirming hormone therapy in transgender individuals.Experimental physiology · 2026Article
- Morphological characteristics and soft tissue analysis of the naso-oropharyngeal airway in young adults with skeletal Class II anterior open bite: a CBCT retrospective study.BMC oral health · 2026Article
- A Bayesian approach to estimate minute ventilation from heart rate during exercise for assessing environmental exposures of females.Physiological reports · 2026Article
- Clinical Characteristics and Risk Factors Analysis of Nontuberculous Mycobacterial Pulmonary Disease Complicated with Bronchiectasis.Infection and drug resistance · 2026Article
- Predicting Minute Ventilation from Heart Rate in Adolescents: A Tool for Environmental Health Studies.Environments (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Greater large conducting airway luminal area in adult patients with interstitial lung disease.Physiological reports · 2025Observational
- A Pediatric Upper Airway Library to Evaluate Interpatient Variability of In Silico Aerosol Deposition.AAPS PharmSciTech · 2023Article
- Greater central airway luminal area in people with COVID-19: a case-control series.Scientific reports · 2022Article
- Article
- Impact of gender differences on prognosis in patients with acute cerebral infarction associated with REM-related obstructive sleep apnea: a retrospective cohort study.Frontiers in neurologyArticle
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Recent evidence suggests healthy females have significantly smaller central conducting airways than males when matched for either height or lung volume during analysis. This anatomical sex-based difference could impact the integrative response to exercise. Our review critically evaluates the literature on direct and indirect techniques to measure central conducting airway size and their limitations. We present multiple sources highlighting the difference between male and female central conducting airway size in both pediatric and adult populations. Following the discussion of measurement techniques and results, we discuss the functional implications of these differences in central conducting airway size, including work of breathing, oxygen cost of breathing, and how these impacts will continue into elderly populations. We then discuss a range of topics for the future direction of airway differences and the benefits they could provide to both healthy and diseased populations. Specially, these sex-differences in central conducting airway size could result in different aerosol deposition or how lung disease manifests. Finally, we detail emerging techniques that uniquely allow for high-resolution imaging to be paired with detailed physiological measures.
Indexed as
Identifiers
34331574What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.