ArticleEuropean heart journal. Cardiovascular Imaging2022
Non-invasive characterization of pleural and pericardial effusions using T1 mapping by magnetic resonance imaging.
Article in European heart journal. Cardiovascular Imaging, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 21 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pericardial Diseases: International Position Statement on New Concepts and Advances in Multimodality Cardiac Imaging.JACC. Cardiovascular imaging · 2024Guideline
- Cardiovascular Toxicity Across the Cancer Immunotherapy Spectrum: Mechanisms and Management in Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor (ICI) and Chimeric Antigen Receptor T-Cell (CAR-T) Therapy.Current oncology reports · 2026Review
- Self-limiting recovery from subacute haemorrhagic pericardial tamponade following early ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction: a case report.European heart journal. Case reports · 2025Article
- Imaging of the Acute and Chronic Cardiovascular Complications of Radiation Therapy.Circulation. Cardiovascular imaging · 2025Review
- The Emerging Role of Multimodality Imaging in the Diagnosis and Management of Post Pericardiotomy Syndrome.Current cardiology reports · 2025Review
- Assessing Acute Pericarditis with T1 Mapping: A Supportive Contrast-Free CMR Marker.Tomography (Ann Arbor, Mich.) · 2024Article
- Diagnosis of Acute Cholecystitis Using T1 and T2 Mapping by Cardiac MRI.Circulation. Cardiovascular imaging · 2023Article
- Normal values for native TEuropean heart journal. Imaging methods and practice · 2023Article
- Cardiac magnetic resonance assessment of cardiac involvement in autoimmune diseases.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2023Review
- Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance Imaging Patterns in Rare Cardiovascular Diseases.Journal of clinical medicine · 2022Review
- Update on MRI Techniques for Evaluation of Pericardial Disease.Current cardiology reports · 2020Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
18 authors at 5 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
aimsDifferentiating exudative from transudative effusions is clinically important and is currently performed via biochemical analysis of invasively obtained samples using Light's criteria. Diagnostic performance is however limited. Biochemical composition can be measured with T1 mapping using cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) and hence may offer diagnostic utility for assessment of effusions. METHODS AND
resultsA phantom consisting of serially diluted human albumin solutions (25-200 g/L) was constructed and scanned at 1.5 T to derive the relationship between fluid T1 values and fluid albumin concentration. Native T1 values of pleural and pericardial effusions from 86 patients undergoing clinical CMR studies retrospectively analysed at four tertiary centres. Effusions were classified using Light's criteria where biochemical data was available (n = 55) or clinically in decompensated heart failure patients with presumed transudative effusions (n = 31). Fluid T1 and protein values were inversely correlated both in the phantom (r = -0.992) and clinical samples (r = -0.663, P < 0.0001). T1 values were lower in exudative compared to transudative pleural (3252 ± 207 ms vs. 3596 ± 213 ms, P < 0.0001) and pericardial (2749 ± 373 ms vs. 3337 ± 245 ms, P < 0.0001) effusions. The diagnostic accuracy of T1 mapping for detecting transudates was very good for pleural and excellent for pericardial effusions, respectively [area under the curve 0.88, (95% CI 0.764-0.996), P = 0.001, 79% sensitivity, 89% specificity, and 0.93, (95% CI 0.855-1.000), P < 0.0001, 95% sensitivity; 81% specificity].
conclusionNative T1 values of effusions measured using CMR correlate well with protein concentrations and may be helpful for discriminating between transudates and exudates. This may help focus the requirement for invasive diagnostic sampling, avoiding unnecessary intervention in patients with unequivocal transudative effusions.
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