Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34330947›Full record

ArticleScientific reports2021

Photocrosslinkable liver extracellular matrix hydrogels for the generation of 3D liver microenvironment models.

Akhilandeshwari Ravichandran, Berline Murekatete, Denise Moedder, Christoph Meinert, Laura J Bray

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Scientific reports, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
20citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
5.9field-weighted citation impact, top 3% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

20 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 42 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Article
  3. Review
  4. Review
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Engineered Hydrogels for Organoid Models of Human Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2025
    Article
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Challenges ofFrontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2025
    Review
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  13. Review
  14. Article
  15. Review
  16. Article
  17. Review
  18. Engineering the Extracellular Matrix for Organoid Culture.International journal of stem cells · 2022
    Review
  19. Article
  20. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Akhilandeshwari Ravichandran *Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Kelvin Grove, Australia. Akhilandeshwari.ravichandran@qut.edu.au.
Berline Murekatete *Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Kelvin Grove, Australia.
Denise MoedderInstitute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Kelvin Grove, Australia.
Christoph MeinertInstitute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Kelvin Grove, Australia.
Laura J BrayInstitute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Kelvin Grove, Australia.
Queensland University of Technology · AUQueensland Health · AU

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Liver extracellular matrix (ECM)-based hydrogels have gained considerable interest as biomimetic 3D cell culture environments to investigate the mechanisms of liver pathology, metabolism, and toxicity. The preparation of current liver ECM hydrogels, however, is based on time-consuming thermal gelation and limits the control of mechanical properties. In this study, we used detergent-based protocols to produce decellularized porcine liver ECM, which in turn were solubilized and functionalized with methacrylic anhydride to generate photocrosslinkable methacrylated liver ECM (LivMA) hydrogels. Firstly, we explored the efficacy of two protocols to decellularize porcine liver tissue using varying combinations of commonly used chemical agents such as Triton X-100, Sodium Dodecyl Sulphate (SDS) and Ammonium hydroxide. Then, we demonstrated successful formation of stable, reproducible LivMA hydrogels from both the protocols by photocrosslinking. The LivMA hydrogels obtained from the two decellularization protocols showed distinct mechanical properties. The compressive modulus of the hydrogels was directly dependent on the hydrogel concentration, thereby demonstrating the tuneability of mechanical properties of these hydrogels. Immortalized Human Hepatocytes cells were encapsulated in the LivMA hydrogels and cytocompatibility of the hydrogels was demonstrated after one week of culture. In summary, the LivMA hydrogel system provides a simple, photocrosslinkable platform, which can potentially be used to simulate healthy versus damaged liver for liver disease research, drug studies and cancer metastasis modelling.

Indexed as

AnimalsExtracellular MatrixHumansHydrogelsLiverOctoxynolSwineTissue EngineeringHydrogelsOctoxynol

Identifiers

PMID34330947
PMCPMC8324893
OpenAlexW3185148280

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.