ArticleScience advances2021
Looping-in complexation and ion partitioning in nonstoichiometric polyelectrolyte mixtures.
Article in Science advances, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers.
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Who cites it
22 citing papers in PubMed.
- Biomolecular condensates can function as inherent catalysts.Molecular cell · 2026Article
- Developing Design Rules for Polyelectrolyte Complex Materials: Role of Polyelectrolyte Length, Charged Group, and Backbone.Macromolecules · 2026Article
- Asymmetry in Hydrophobicity Induces Electric Potential in Non-Charged Biomolecular Condensates.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Article
- Dilute but Dense - Reversible Crosslinking Enables Water-Rich (Bio)polymer Condensates.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Article
- The Effects of Chirality and Salt Addition on Phase Separation and Complexation Morphology in Mixtures of Polypeptides and Polypeptoids.Biomacromolecules · 2025Article
- Vortex-Generated Microdroplets Enable Simple, Rapid, and Low-Volume Measurement of Condensate Volume and Concentration.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2025Article
- Quantifying collective interactions in biomolecular phase separation.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Single-Entity Resolution Single-Cell Nanosensor Reveals Reactive Oxygen Species at Stress Granules Are Formed by Interfacial Redox Chemistry.Journal of the American Chemical Society · 2025Article
- Selective Ion Binding and Uptake Shape the Microenvironment of Biomolecular Condensates.Journal of the American Chemical Society · 2025Article
- Condenzymes: Biomolecular condensates with inherent catalytic activities.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Quantification of Biomolecular Condensate Volume Reveals Network Swelling and Dissolution Regimes during Phase Transition.Biomacromolecules · 2025Article
- Unlocking the electrochemical functions of biomolecular condensates.Nature chemical biology · 2024Review
- Article
- Atomistic insights into the reentrant phase-transitions in polyuracil and polylysine mixtures.The Journal of chemical physics · 2024Article
- Selectivity of Complex Coacervation in Multi-Protein Mixtures.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2024Article
- Solid-Liquid-Solution Phases in Poly(diallyldimethylammonium)/Poly(acrylic acid) Polyelectrolyte Complexes at Varying Temperatures.Macromolecules · 2024Article
- Design Rules for the Sequestration of Viruses into Polypeptide Complex Coacervates.Biomacromolecules · 2024Article
- Article
- Rheology and Gelation of Hyaluronic Acid/Chitosan Coacervates.Biomolecules · 2022Article
- Structure and Flocculation of Ion Associates of Carrageenan and Poly(diallyldimethylammonium chloride) Depending on the Component Ratio.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
A wide variety of intracellular membraneless compartments are formed via liquid-liquid phase separation of charged proteins and nucleic acids. Understanding the stability of these compartments, while accounting for the compositional heterogeneity intrinsic to cellular environments, poses a daunting challenge. We combined experimental and theoretical efforts to study the effects of nonstoichiometric mixing on coacervation behavior and accurately measured the concentrations of polyelectrolytes and small ions in the coacervate and supernatant phases. For synthetic polyacrylamides and polypeptides/DNA, with unequal mixing stoichiometry, we report a general "looping-in" phenomenon found around physiological salt concentrations, where the polymer concentrations in the coacervate initially increase with salt addition before subsequently decreasing. This looping-in behavior is captured by a molecular model that considers reversible ion binding and electrostatic interactions. Further analysis in the low-salt regime shows that the looping-in phenomenon originates from the translational entropy of counterions that are needed to neutralize nonstoichiometric coacervates.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.