Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34330241›Full record

ArticleBMC public health2021

The impact of COVID-19 quarantine on dietary habits and physical activity in Saudi Arabia: a cross-sectional study.

Manar Abduljalil Bakhsh, Jomana Khawandanah, Rouba Khalil Naaman, Shoug Alashmali

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in BMC public health, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 45 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
45citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

45 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Microbiome and Long COVID-19: Current Evidence and Insights.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025
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  17. The consumption of dietary supplements in Saudi Arabia during the COVID-19 pandemic: A cross-sectional study.Saudi pharmaceutical journal : SPJ : the official publication of the Saudi Pharmaceutical Society · 2023
    Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Manar Abduljalil BakhshClinical Nutrition Department, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80215, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia.
Jomana KhawandanahClinical Nutrition Department, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80215, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia.
Rouba Khalil NaamanClinical Nutrition Department, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80215, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia. rnaaman@kau.edu.sa.ORCID 0000-0003-2599-4657
Shoug AlashmaliClinical Nutrition Department, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80215, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThe COVID-19 pandemic has forced governments around the world to impose strict hygiene and national lockdown measures, which in turn has changed the dietary and lifestyle habits of the world's population. Thus, the aim of this study is to evaluate whether dietary and physical activity behaviors of Saudi Arabia's adult population changed during the COVID-19 quarantine.

methodsAn electronic questionnaire which assessed changes in body weight, dietary habits, and physical activity of Saudi Arabia's adult population (n = 2255) during the COVID-19 quarantine was distributed on social media between June and July 2020. To test the differences between changes in dietary and physical activity behaviors in relation to changes in body weight a Chi-square test was used.

resultsOver 40 and 45% of participants reported eating and snacking more, respectively, which led to weight gain in around 28%. Most participants reported that they consumed home-cooked (73%) and healthy meals (47%), while only 7% reported that they consumed foods from restaurants. Feelings of boredom and emptiness (44%) and the availability of time for preparing meals (40%) were the main reasons for changing dietary habits. Honey (43%) and vitamin C (50%) were the most consumed immune-boosting food and dietary supplement, respectively. COVID-19 also had a negative impact on physical activity, lowering the practice in 52% subjects, which was associated with significant weight gain (p < 0.001).

conclusionAssessing the changes to the population's dietary habits and physical activity during the lockdown will help predict the outcome of the population's future health and wellbeing after the pandemic.

Indexed as

COVID-19QuarantineAdultCommunicable Disease ControlCross-Sectional StudiesExerciseFeeding BehaviorHumansPandemicsSARS-CoV-2Saudi ArabiaSurveys and QuestionnairesCOVID-19Dietary habitsNutritionPhysical activityQuarantineWeight change

Identifiers

PMID34330241
PMCPMC8323088

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.