Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34330126›Full record

ArticleBiofabrication2021

Bioprinting of dual ECM scaffolds encapsulating limbal stem/progenitor cells in active and quiescent statuses.

Zheng Zhong, Alis Balayan, Jing Tian, Yi Xiang, Henry H Hwang, Xiaokang Wu, Xiaoqian Deng, Jacob Schimelman, Yazhi Sun, Chao Ma and 8 more

Open access · greenAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Biofabrication, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
16citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
3.1field-weighted citation impact, top 8% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

16 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 34 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. A review of 3D bioprinting for organoids.Medical review (2021) · 2025
    Review
  3. Review
  4. Recent Advances in Stem Cells of Corneal Epithelia.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2025
    Review
  5. Biomaterials for Corneal Regeneration.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2025
    Review
  6. Review
  7. Review
  8. Focus on seed cells: stem cells in 3D bioprinting of corneal grafts.Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2024
    Review
  9. Review
  10. Review
  11. Article
  12. Review
  13. Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

18 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Zheng ZhongDepartment of NanoEngineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, United States of America.ORCID 0000-0003-4103-4752
Alis BalayanDepartment of NanoEngineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, United States of America.
Jing TianDepartment of Bioengineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, United States of America.
Yi XiangDepartment of NanoEngineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, United States of America.
Henry H HwangDepartment of NanoEngineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, United States of America.ORCID 0000-0001-6690-2929
Xiaokang WuSchool of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, United States of America.
Xiaoqian DengSchool of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, United States of America.ORCID 0000-0002-4633-6314
Jacob SchimelmanDepartment of NanoEngineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, United States of America.
Yazhi SunDepartment of NanoEngineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, United States of America.
Chao MaStein Eye Institute, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, United States of America.
Aurelie Dos SantosStein Eye Institute, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, United States of America.
Shangting YouDepartment of NanoEngineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, United States of America.
Min TangDepartment of NanoEngineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, United States of America.
Emmie YaoDepartment of NanoEngineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, United States of America.
Xiaoao ShiDepartment of Bioengineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, United States of America.
Nicole F SteinmetzDepartment of NanoEngineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, United States of America.
Sophie X DengStein Eye Institute, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, United States of America.
Shaochen ChenDepartment of NanoEngineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, United States of America.
University of California San Diego · USDoheny Eye Institute · US

Funding

Ex Vivo Expansion of Human Limbal Stem Cells for TransplantationR01EY021797 · NEI · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LOS ANGELES · PI Sophie Deng · 2012 to 2026
$5.1M
Development of small-molecule Wnt mimetics for corneal epithelial cell regenerationR01EY028557 · NEI · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LOS ANGELES · PI DENG, SOPHIE, ZHENG, JIE J. · 2018 to 2021
$2.0M
A stem cell based optic nerve model for studies of axon guidance and regenerationR21EY031122 · NEI · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO · PI CHEN, SHAOCHEN, WAHLIN, KARL J · 2019 to 2019
$299k
NEI NIH HHS R01 EY021797NEI NIH HHS R01 EY028557NEI NIH HHS R21 EY031122
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Limbal stem cell deficiency and corneal disorders are among the top global threats for human vision. Emerging therapies that integrate stem cell transplantation with engineered hydrogel scaffolds for biological and mechanical support are becoming a rising trend in the field. However, methods for high-throughput fabrication of hydrogel scaffolds, as well as knowledge of the interaction between limbal stem/progenitor cells (LSCs) and the surrounding extracellular matrix (ECM) are still much needed. Here, we employed digital light processing (DLP)-based bioprinting to fabricate hydrogel scaffolds encapsulating primary LSCs and studied the ECM-dependent LSC phenotypes. The DLP-based bioprinting with gelatin methacrylate (GelMA) or hyaluronic acid glycidyl methacrylate (HAGM) generated microscale hydrogel scaffolds that could support the viability of the encapsulated primary rabbit LSCs (rbLSCs) in culture. Immunocytochemistry and transcriptional analysis showed that the encapsulated rbLSCs remained active in GelMA-based scaffolds while exhibited quiescence in the HAGM-based scaffolds. The primary human LSCs encapsulated within bioprinted scaffolds showed consistent ECM-dependent active/quiescent statuses. Based on these results, we have developed a novel bioprinted dual ECM 'Yin-Yang' model encapsulating LSCs to support both active and quiescent statues. Our findings provide valuable insights towards stem cell therapies and regenerative medicine for corneal reconstruction.

Indexed as

BioprintingAnimalsExtracellular MatrixGelatinRabbitsStem CellsTissue EngineeringTissue ScaffoldsGelatinDLP-based bioprintingendogenous stem cellhyaluronic acidlimbal stem cellregenerative medicinestem cell quiescence

Identifiers

PMID34330126
PMCPMC8716326
OpenAlexW3183820665

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.