ReviewThe Science of the total environment2021
Biodegradable and multifunctional surgical face masks: A brief review on demands during COVID-19 pandemic, recent developments, and future perspectives.
Review in The Science of the total environment, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 30 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
30 citing papers in PubMed, 108 citations in OpenAlex.
- Advances in electrospun nanofiber-based personal protective equipment for active filtration.Discover nano · 2026Review
- Integrating Alkali Lignin into Electrospun PET Nanofibers for Enhanced Viral Protection in Respiratory Masks.ACS omega · 2026Article
- Synthesis and Antiviral Activity of Nanowire Polymers Activated with Ag, Zn, and Cu Nanoclusters.Pharmaceutics · 2025Article
- Article
- Stability, homogeneity and measurement uncertainty estimation of PVP-I solutions for the application on oro and nasopharynx against SARS-CoV-2.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Article
- Identification of new pharmacophore against SARS-CoV-2 spike protein by multi-fold computational and biochemical techniques.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Article
- Engineered Electrically Heatable Face Masks for Direct Inactivation of Aerosolized Viruses on the Mask Surfaces.ACS ES&T engineering · 2024Article
- A Digital Mask-Voiceprint System for Postpandemic Surveillance and Tracing Based on the STRONG Strategy.Journal of medical Internet research · 2023Article
- Global face mask pollution: threats to the environment and wildlife, and potential solutions.The Science of the total environment · 2023Review
- Post-Pandemic: Investigation of the Degradation of Various Commercial Masks in the Marine Environment.Langmuir : the ACS journal of surfaces and colloids · 2023Article
- Advancement of Nonwoven Fabrics in Personal Protective Equipment.Materials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Design and fabrication of a biodegradable face shield by using cleaner technologies for the protection of direct splash and airborne pathogens during the COVID-19 pandemic.Cleaner engineering and technology · 2023Article
- Challenges and future opportunities to unlock the critical supply chain of personal and protective equipment (PPE) encompassing decontamination and reuse under emergency use authorization (EUA) conditions during the COVID-19 pandemic: Through a reflective circularity and sustainability lens.The Science of the total environment · 2023Review
- Biodegradable Electrospun Nanofiber Membranes as Promising Candidates for the Development of Face Masks.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2023Review
- The anti SARS-CoV-2 activity of nanofibrous filter materials activated with metal clusters.Atmospheric Environment: X · 2023Article
- Electrospun Filtering Membrane Designed as Component of Self-Decontaminating Protective Masks.Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Upcycling face mask wastes generated during COVID-19 into value-added engineering materials: A review.The Science of the total environment · 2022Review
- A road map on synthetic strategies and applications of biodegradable polymers.Polymer bulletin (Berlin, Germany) · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 3 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Providing the greater public with the current coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) vaccines is time-consuming and research-intensive; intermediately, some essential ways to reduce the transmission include social distancing, personal hygiene, testing, contact tracing, and universal masking. The data suggests that universal masking, especially using multilayer surgical face masks, offers a powerful efficacy for indoor places. These layers have different functions including antiviral/antibacterial, fluid barrier, particulate and bacterial filtration, and fit and comfort. However, universal masking poses a serious environmental threat since billions of them are disposed on a daily basis; the current coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has put such demands and consequences in perspective. This review focuses on surgical face mask structures and classifications, their impact on our environment, some of their desirable functionalities, and the recent developments around their biodegradability. The authors believe that this review provides an insight into the fabrication and deployment of effective surgical face masks, and it discusses the utilization of multifunctional structures along with biodegradable materials to deal with future demands in a more eco-friendly fashion.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.